亚急性甲状腺炎诊治摘要 亚急性甲状腺炎是一种自限性甲状腺炎症性疾病,其发病与病毒感染亲密有关,典型的临床体现为甲状腺的疼痛和触痛,诊疗和鉴别诊疗手段涉及病史、临床体现、实验室检查、超声检查和甲状腺核素扫描等。对亚急性甲状腺炎,现在重要使用解热镇痛药或非甾体类抗炎药以及糖皮质激素治疗,必要时可使用 β-受体阻滞剂来控制患者的甲状腺功效亢进症状,有一过性或永久性甲状腺功效减退症状的则应予以左甲状腺素替代治疗。ABSTRACT Subacute thyroiditis is a self-limiting inflammatory disease of thyroid and its onset is closely associated with virus infection. The typical clinical features of this disease include painfulness and tenderness of thyroid. The methods for its diagnosis and differential diagnosis include medical history , clinical manifestations , laboratory tests , ultrasound and nuclide scan of thyroid. The antipyretic analgesics or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids can be used for the treatment of subacute thyroiditis. The symptoms of hyperthyroidism can be controlled with b-receptor blockers if necessary while levothyroxine replacement therapy can be used in patients with the symptoms of transient or permanent hypothyroidism.Key Words subacute thyroiditis; diagnosis; therapy亚急性甲状腺炎(subacute thyroiditis, SAT)由 de Quervain 于 19 首先描述,又称 de Quervain 甲状腺炎、巨细胞性甲状腺炎和肉芽肿性甲状腺炎。SAT 在临床上较为常见,约占总就诊甲状腺疾病患者数的 5%[1],是甲状腺疼痛最常见的因素,以短暂疼痛的破坏性甲状腺组织损伤伴全身炎症反映为特性。流行病学SAT 的人口发病率为(4 ~ 5)/10 万,女性患者数为男性的 4 倍多,多发生于 30 ~ 50 岁人群中,小朋友和老年人群中少见。SAT 在夏、秋季的发病率较高[2]。病因与发病机制现在普遍认为 SAT 的发病与病毒感染亲密有关,这些病毒涉及流感病毒、柯萨奇病毒、腺病毒和腮腺炎病毒等。病毒感染引发 SAT 可能是细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞识别出病毒和细胞抗原构成的复合物、最后致使滤泡细胞被破坏而造...