激光原理与技术•课程内容（三部分）–激光原理–激光器件–激光技术•学时–48学时•学分–3.0学分•考核方法–期末考试占80％–平时成绩占20％–学时短，不安排期中考试•课程要求–不无故缺勤–按时完成作业教材：激光原理，周炳琨等编著；国防工业出版社2000,2004，2008参考书目：1、激光原理与技术，安毓英等编著；科学出版社20102、激光原理，盛新志，娄淑琴；清华大学出版社20103、激光器件，马养武等；浙江大学出版社20014、激光技术，蓝信钜；科学出版社20015、激光原理学习指导，高以智等编著；国防工业出版社20066、PrinciplesofLasers，OrazioSvelto；PlenumPress1998绪论激光——利用受激辐射的光放大“LASER”standsforLightAmplificationbytheStimulatedEmissionofRadiation一、多方面的应用需求激励激光器的研究(1)高的单色性和相干性要求光纤通信、干涉计量、光全息、光谱分析等！(2)高功率、高能量、高强度要求激光核聚变、激光武器、非线性光学、激光加工等！(3)好的方向性要求准直、激光导航、激光雷达等！(4)良好的时间分辨率观测超快过程：(comp.:timescaleofmolecularvibrations~100fstimescaleofelectronicmotion~100as)二、激光的发展简史Historyoflaserdevelopments1917A.Einsteinquantummech.ofradiation(spont.&stim.emission)1954C.H.Townesetal.firstmaser,implementedwithNH3molecules（MicrowaveAmplificationbyStimulatedEmissionofRadiation）1954N.G.Basov&A.M.Prokhorovmasertheory1958A.L.Schawlow&Ch.H.Towneslasertheory1959G.GouldlaserpatentLASER:LightAmplificationbyStimulatedEmissionofRadiation1960T.H.Maimanfirstlaser,madefromarubycrystal1961A.Javanetal.firstgaslaser(HeNe)1961E.SnitzerNd3+:glass-laser(1.06μm)1962severalauthorsGaAs–diodelaser(840nm)1964C.K.N.PatelCO2-laser(10μm)1964J.E.Geusicetal.Nd3+:YAG-Laser(Y3Al5O12,1.06μm)(first)Rubylaser,T.H.Maiman(1927-2007),July,1960,attheHughesResearchLaboratoriesTheword‘laser’hasbeengenerallyacceptedsinceabout1965Thecrystallinestructureofrubyissimilartotheoneofcorundum,i.e.acrystalofaluminumoxide(Al2O3),inwhichthesmallpartofatomsofaluminum(about0.05%)isreplacedwithionsCr+++,producinga694.3nmoutput.PhysicalandOpticalPropertiesDensity3.98g/ccRefractiveindexat700nm1.7638OrdinaryRayMeltingPoint2040°C1.7556ExtraordinaryRayYoung'sModulus345GpaBirefringence0.008MOR425MPaRefractiveIndexvs.ChromiumConcentration3x10-3(Δn/%Cr2O3)CompressiveStrength2.0GpaFluorescentLifetimeat0.05%Cr2O33msat300KHardness9Mhos,2000KnoopFluorescentLinewidth(R1)5.0Åat300KThermalExpansion20°to50°C5.8x10-6/°COutputWavelength(R1)6.94.3nm20°to200°C7.7x10-6/°CMajorPumpBands404nmand554nmThermalConductivityat0°C46.02W/(m•K)at100°C25.10W/(m•K)at400°C12.55W/(m•K)Allvaluesarefor60°orientationmaterial1964W.B.BridgesAr+ionlaser1965J.V.V.Kasper&G.C.Pimentelchemicallaser(HCl,3.8μm)1966P.P.Sorokin&J.R.Lankarddyelaser1971N.G.Basovetal.Xe2+-excimerlaser1984P.F.MoultonTi-Sapphirelaser(Ti3+:Al2O3)1961R.J.CollinsQ-switching1965H.W.Mocker&R.J.Collinspassivemodelockinginarubylaser1968D.J.Bradley&A.J.F.Durrantsynchroneouspumping1971H.Kogelnik&C.V.Shankdistributedfeedback(DFB)-dyelaser1984W.H.Knoxetal.pulsecompression1985D.Strickland&G.Mourouchirpedpulseamplification1991D.E.Spenceetal.Kerrlensmodelocking……andmanyrecentdevelopments:e.g.single-cyclelaserpulses,THzpulses,pulseshaping,generationofattosecondpulses,laser-basednuclearfusion,…三、与激光及激光应用有关的诺贝尔奖Nobelprizesforlasersandlaserapplications四、激光器的基本结构工作物质谐振腔激励源五、激光器的典型应用激光的产生有划时代意义！1、自然科学上：导致许多相关学科的诞生和发...
