英语直接引语和间接引语

直接引语和间接引语（ Direct Speech and indirect Speech) 1 直接引语：直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。例如： Mr Black said, “I'm busy ” 布莱克先生说：“我很忙”（直接引语） Mr Black said that he was busy. 布莱克先生说他很忙。（间接引语）1、直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that 引导（ that 在口语中常省略），从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应变化。在这一方面，汉语和英语有许多相似之处，因此，在做直接引语和间接引语转换练习时，要特别注意句子的意义。1）人称的变化a) He said, “I like it very much.”他说：“我非常喜欢它。” He said that he liked it very much.他说他非常喜欢它。b) He said to me, “I've left my book in your room. ” 他对我说：“我把书放在你的房间里了。” He told me that he had left his book in my room.他告诉我他把书放在我的房间里了。2）时态的变化如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。如主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。时态的变化例句 直接引语间接引语一般现在时→一般过去时He said, “I'm afraid I can't finish this work.”He said that he was afraid he couldn't finish that work. 现在进行时→过去进行时He said, “I'm using theknife. ”He said that he was using the knife. 现在完成时→过去完成时She said, “I have not heard from him since May.”She said that she had not heard from him since May. 一般过去时→过去完成He said, “I came to help you.”He said that he had come to help me. 过去完成时不变He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.”He said that he had finished his homework before supper. 3) 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化：变化例句 直接引语间接引语this-that 这个 - 那个She said, “Iwill come this morning." She said that she would go that morning. these-t...