眼科感染课件VIP免费

andHyperthermiaAssociatedwithPoisoningorandNeonatalRespiratoryCareEmbryologicDevelopmentBirthsObstetricEmergencies眼科感染的抗菌治疗andHyperthermiaAssociatedwithPoisoningorandNeonatalRespiratoryCareEmbryologicDevelopmentBirthsObstetricEmergencies宿主(患者)致病菌药物(抗菌药物)･年龄、性别･感染部位･感染严重程度･并发症･基础性疾病･有无过敏･有无肾功能损害･有无手术･既往用药史宿主-致病菌-药物间的相互关系･致病菌种类(革兰阳性或阴性菌、需氧或厌氧菌、真菌等)･对现有抗菌药物的敏感性･单一或混合感染･抗菌活性和抗菌谱(杀菌剂或抑菌剂、窄谱或广谱)･给药途径(口服、肌注、静注、局部给药等)･剂型(片剂、针剂、粒剂、糖浆等)･ADME*,ADR**ADME:吸收、分布代谢和排泄ADR:不良反应***andHyperthermiaAssociatedwithPoisoningorandNeonatalRespiratoryCareEmbryologicDevelopmentBirthsObstetricEmergencies适当的给药途径抗菌活性对靶组织、器官的渗透性良好细菌感染耐药率低病原微生物･肺炎链球菌･流感嗜血杆菌･肺炎支原体･流感病毒･军团菌属安全不良反应发生率低抗菌药物选择･肺炎衣原体･卡他莫拉菌(以前称为卡他布兰汉菌)･金黄色葡萄球菌･革兰阴性杆菌（如肺炎克雷伯菌）andHyperthermiaAssociatedwithPoisoningorandNeonatalRespiratoryCareEmbryologicDevelopmentBirthsObstetricEmergencies抗菌药物应用方法预防性用药经验用药抢先治疗（真菌）病原治疗andHyperthermiaAssociatedwithPoisoningorandNeonatalRespiratoryCareEmbryologicDevelopmentBirthsObstetricEmergencies结膜炎结膜炎分感染性和非感染性。微生物感染最为常见，包括细菌、病毒、衣原体、真菌和寄生虫等。常见的病原菌为淋病奈瑟球菌、脑膜炎奈瑟球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎链球菌、结膜炎杆菌等。andHyperthermiaAssociatedwithPoisoningorandNeonatalRespiratoryCareEmbryologicDevelopmentBirthsObstetricEmergenciesandHyperthermiaAssociatedwithPoisoningorandNeonatalRespiratoryCareEmbryologicDevelopmentBirthsObstetricEmergenciesandHyperthermiaAssociatedwithPoisoningorandNeonatalRespiratoryCareEmbryologicDevelopmentBirthsObstetricEmergencies结膜炎经验治疗相伴情况可能的病原体宜选药物可选药物病毒性结膜炎腺病毒无有效药物冰人工泪液可缓解症状包涵体结膜炎沙眼衣原体多西环素红霉素沙眼沙眼衣原体阿奇霉素多西环素、四环素、红霉素利福平、金霉素氯霉素、磺胺醋酰钠等眼药水滴眼四环素、红霉素、磺胺药等眼膏晚上涂眼andHyperthermiaAssociatedwithPoisoningorandNeonatalRespiratoryCareEmbryologicDevelopmentBirthsObstetricEmergencies结膜炎经验治疗相伴情况可能的病原体宜选药物化脓性结膜炎非淋菌性金葡菌、肺炎链球菌0.3％氧氟沙星非衣原体流感嗜血杆菌或环丙沙星眼液等淋菌性淋病奈瑟球菌头孢曲松andHyperthermiaAssociatedwithPoisoningorandNeonatalRespiratoryCareEmbryologicDevelopmentBirthsObstetricEmergencies结膜炎病原治疗（局部用药）病原宜选药物可选药物淋病奈瑟球菌环丙沙星，氧氟沙星大观霉素脑膜炎奈瑟球菌同上同上流感嗜血杆菌氧氟沙星庆大霉素，环丙沙星变形杆菌属同上同上大肠埃希菌同上同上假单胞菌属妥布霉素环丙沙星肺炎链球菌红霉素、左氧氟沙星杆菌肽-多粘菌素结膜炎杆菌氧氟沙星庆大霉素，环丙沙星金葡菌红霉素、氧氟沙星杆菌肽-多粘菌素摩-阿双杆菌氧氟沙星庆大霉素，环丙沙星andHyperthermiaAssociatedwithPoisoningorandNeonatalRespiratoryCareEmbryologicDevelopmentBirthsObstetricEmergencies角膜炎感染性角膜炎的病原体包括细菌、真菌、病毒、衣原体、棘阿米巴和分枝杆菌等，其中细菌性感染仍为首位，主要致病菌有表皮葡萄球菌、金葡菌、链球菌、肺炎链球菌、铜绿假单胞菌和大肠埃希菌等。真菌以镰孢菌为主，病毒性感染仍以单纯疱疹病毒为主，棘阿米巴感染发病率不高。andHyperthermiaAssociatedwithPoisoningorandNeonatalRespiratoryCareEmbryologicDevelopmentBirthsObs...