1 泌尿外科学urology 腔道泌尿外科学endourology 肾异位renal ectopia, ectopic kidney 肾缺如agenesis of kidney, anephrogenesis 孤立肾solitary kidney 肾畸形deformity of kidney 肾发育不全anephrogenesis;renal agenesis 肾发育不良renal dysplasia 节段性肾发育不良segmental dysplasia of kidney 额外肾supernumerary kidney 重复肾renal duplication 盘状肾disk kidney discoid kidney 融合肾confluent kidney;fused kidney 马蹄形肾horseshoe kidney L 形肾L-shaped kidney 肾下垂 nephroptosis;renal ptosis 胸内肾thoracic kidney 盆腔肾pelvic kidney 游走肾excessively mobile kidney;hypermobile kidney;wandering kidney S 形肾S-shaped kidney 团块肾lump kidney 胎儿肾fetal kidney 婴儿肾infantile kidney 单乳头肾unipapillary kidney 肾轴性旋转 axial rotation of kidney 肾旋转异常 renal malrotation 分叉型肾盂 bifid pelvis 肾外型肾盂 extrarenal pelvis 巨肾盏 megacalyx,megacalycosis 先天性巨肾盏 congenital megacalycosis 肾盏憩室 caliceal diverticulum