强调结构强调结构定义在句子当中，有时为了突出句子的某些成分以加强语气，增强感情色彩或者加强对比，需要改变句子结构，这种结构叫强调结构(EmphaticStructure)。—Whoismakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?—thechildren.A.ItisB.TheyareC.ThatisD.Thereare(回答为强调句型在具体语境中的省略,其完整形式应是：Itisthechildrenwho/thataremakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden.不能用Theyare.)WarmingUp1.Do(does/did)+动词原形这种结构用来强调谓语动词。往往只用于“一般现在时和过去时”的肯定陈述句或者肯定结构的祈使句。1)Hedoesknowtheplacewell.他的确很熟悉这个地方。2)Theydohopetogotocollege.他们真的很想上大学。3)Shedidcomeyesterday.昨天她确实来过。1.Do(does/did)+动词原形用于肯定结构的祈使句4)Docomeandvisitus.你一定来看我们。5)Doshutup﹗你闭嘴﹗6)Dobecareful.务必小心。注意1)陈述句中用do(does/did),只强调行为动词,不适用于“be”,如:Heissilly.Hedoesbesilly.Heissillyindeed.2)祈使句中强调动词(包括“be动词”和“行为动词”)Do,不用Does/Did.Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistake.√×2.用形容词very,only,single,such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：1)That’stheverytextbookweusedlastterm这正是我们上学期用过的教材。2)YouaretheonlypersonherewhocanspeakChinese．你是这里仅有说汉语的人。3)Notasinglepersonhasbeenintheshopthismorning．今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。3.用ever,never,very,just等副词和badly,highly,really等带有－ly的副词来进行强调：1)Whyeverdidyoudoso？你究竟为什么要这么做？2)Heneversaidawordthewholeday．一整天,他一句话也没说。3)ThisisjustwhatIwanted．这正是我所要的。4)Ireallydon’tknowwhattodonext．我的确不知道下一步该怎么做。4.用intheworld,onearth,atall等介词短语可以表达更强的语气(常用于疑问句)：1)Whereintheworldcouldhebe？他到底会在哪儿？2)Whatonearthisit？它究竟是什么？3)Doyouknowatall？你到底知不知道？二.“Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)….”的强调结构当我们要强调句子的某一部分(一般是主语,宾语,状语)时,常用“Itis(was)+that(who)+句子的其余部分”这种结构。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语,但不能是谓语强调部分是人时,用who或that;强调部分是其他成分时,用that“Itis(was)++被强调部分+that(who)….”的强调结构以Hemetanoldfriendintheparkyesterday.为例:1)Itwashewho/thatmetanoldfriendintheparkyesterday.2)Itwasanoldfriendthat/whohemetintheparkyesterday.强调主语强调宾语“Itis(was)+that(who)….”强调结构3)Itwasintheparkthathemetanoldfriendyesterday.4)Itwasyesterdaythathemetanoldfriendinhepark.强调地点状语强调时间状语PracticeTomboughtawalkmanfromastoreyesterday.①强调主语Tom:ItwasTomwho/thatboughtawalkmanfromastoreyesterday.②强调宾语walkman:ItwasawalkmanthatTomboughtfromastoreyesterday.PracticeTomboughtawalkmanfromastoreyesterday.③强调地点状语fromastore:ItwasfromastorethatTomboughtawalkmanyesterday.④强调时间状语yesterday:ItwasyesterdaythatTomboughtawalkmanfromastore.1.当被强调部分指人时,用that/who(做宾语时可用whom)；指物或既有人又有物时只用that;ItwasTomImetlastweek.Itisanewbookhisbrotherwantstobuy.who/that/whomthat温馨提示2.强调状语,用that,不用when/where/whyItisat5o'clockthetrainwillarrive.ItwasintheparkIsawKatelastweek.that(不用where)温馨提示that(不用when)温馨提示被强调部分如果是原因状语从句,只能由because引导,不能由since/as/why引导:Hedidn'tcometoschoolyesterdaHedidn'tcometoschoolyesterday,y,becausehewasill.becausehewasill.Itwassincethathedidn'tcometoschoolyesterday.Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tcometoschoolyesterday.×√3.强调句在强调主语时,that/who后的动词应和主语在人称和数上保持一致.①Itishewho__late.A.amB.isC.areD.be②Itistheythat__late...
