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1ProblemSolvingKeytoContinuousImprovementWorkshop2SixStepsProblemSolvingProcess1.Identifyconcerns2.Analyzetheproblem(facts)3.EvaluateAlternatives4.ProposeandImplementSolution5.AnalyzetheOutcome6.ImprovetheProcess3TheSixStepProblemSolvingProcessModelVVVVVV1.IdentifyConcernsandproblem4.ProposeandImplementtheSolution2.AnalyzetheProblem6.ImprovetheProcess5.AnalyzetheOutcome3.EvaluatetheAlternatives4SixStepsProblemSolvingProcessStep1.IdentifyConcerns(Howurgentorimportantisthis?)•Identifyingthegap•Smokeouttheissuestotheteamororganization•Useanalysisreportssuchaschecksheets,Paretocharts•Usequestionstoprobeforunderstandingofrealissueswhichrequirefurtherinvestigation•Listareasofconcernandtheconsequencesofnottakingactioneg.Defects,tardiness,attitude•Proceedtoidentifyconcerns•Keepaskingtosurfacetherealissues•Teamtogetagreementonareaofmutualconcern6SixStepsProblemSolvingProcessStep2.AnalyzetheProblem•InvestigateinDetail(gatherandevaluatethefacts)•Writeastatementthatidentifiestherootproblem•Useappropriatetoolsandtechniques•Checksheets,reports,observations•Brainstorming(AlexF.Osborne,AppliedImagination,1957)•ForceFieldAnalysis(KurtLewin,FieldTheoryinSocialResearch,1955)•CauseandEffectDiagramorFishBoneDiagram•Ensureactiveparticipation•Buildconsensus•Proceedtoanalyzetheproblem•Teamagreementthatareaofmutualconcernhasbeensufficientlyanalyzed•Allowforconstructivecriticismandconcernstobeshared10StepsOneandTwoAnalysisSummaryKeythingsthattheteamshouldhave:•Lookedforpatternsortrendsduringtheanalysis.•Recurringthemespointtowardadefinition•Definebarriers,asnecessary.•Acleardefinitionofthesebarriersisnecessarywhenpreparinganactionplan•Usedbrainstormingtechniquestoopenupdiscussion•Allideasareacceptable•Getasmanyaspossible•Involvementleadstoownershipandcommitment11Step3.Evaluatealternatives(mostcriticalstep)•Testyourproblemanalysis•Establishprioritiesand•Setcriteriainanefforttoestablishagoal(refernextslide)•Enablesawiderperspectiveofpossiblesolutionswhichtendtobemoremutuallyacceptablebyteam.ThisinturnleadstohighercommitmentbythegroupSixStepsProblemSolvingProcess13StepThree–EvaluateAlternativesTool1.EstablishprioritiesListabsoluterequirements(pointsvalue)PtsReqmtMNO10<6wks<$3008>6-7>$300-$4006>7-8>$400-$5004>8-9>$500-$6002>9>$600ListDesirableObjectives(pointsvalue)PtsReqmtxyz10>0.508>0.406>0.304>0.202>0.10ExampleofRequirementsM=timeframetocompleteN=costofimplementationExampleofRequirementsx=UMHForAlternative1,14StepThree–EvaluateAlternativesTool2.EstablishPriorities-EvaluateAlternativesAlternative1:Alternative3:Alternative2:AbsoluteRequirementsPtvalue8666ReqmtMNMNDesirableObjectivesPtvalue106ObjectivexxPt.TotalPt.TotalPt.TotalPt.TotalPt.Total10Pt.Total1424pts18pts12615StepThree–EvaluateAlternativesTool3.CriteriaofthisAlternative•Setyourcriteria1.Doesthisalternativeexpressyourdesiredachievement?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Doesthisalternativeexpresswhatyouneedtopreserve?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.Doesthisalternativeexpresswhatyouneedtoavoid?___________________________________________________________________________...