Beijing University of Chemical Technology 化学工业出版社 • Ex ercise for Chapter 1 Line 1-10, P. 1 生物工程是属于应用生物科学和技术的一个领域，它包含生物或其亚细胞组分在制造业、服务业和环境管理等方面的应用。生物工程利用细菌，酵母，真菌，植物细胞或培养的哺乳动物细胞作为工业加工的组分。只有将微生物学、生物化学、遗传学、分子生物学、化学和化学工程等多种学科和技术结合起来，生物工程的应用才能获得成功。 Biotechnology is an area of applied bioscience and technology which involves the practical application of biological organisms,or their subcellular components to manufacturing and service industries and to environmental management.Biotechnology utilizes bacteria,yeasts，fungi，algae，plant cells or cultured mammalian cells as constituents of industrial processes.Successful application of biotechnology will result only from the integration of a multiplicity of scientific disciplines and technologies,including microbiology,biochemistry,genetics,molecular biology,chemistry and chemical and process engineering. line3 ---line7, P.6 生物科学和生物工程之间有一个很明显的区别。生物科学对应于（是指）生物知识的获得，而生物工程强调的是生物知识的应用。在大部分情况下，生物工程的（加工）过程在低温下进行，消耗极少的能量，在通常情况下利用廉价的原料作为底物。 A clear distinction must be drawn between bioscience and biotechnology.Bioscience refers to acquisition of biological knowledge whereas biotechnology refers to application of biological knowledge.Biotechnological processes will,in most cases,function at low temperatures,will consume little energy and rely in general on inexpensive raw materials as substrates. line22---line25, P.8 每个生物工程的方案都需要持续地评价资源的可获得性，经济效益和对环境的影响，以及对操作者和使用者的健康和安全。如果计划得当，生物工程将有助于取得在自然资源，人类的需求以及环境之间的平 衡 。 Each biotechnological scenario wil...
