基于无线传感器网络的低功耗信息收集机制研究

下载后可任意编辑摘 要无线传感器网络是计算机科学技术的一个新的讨论领域，是传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理技术和无线通信技术相结合的产物。路由技术对无线传感器网络的生命周期有着至关重要的影响。能量有限性是无线传感器网络的最重要的特性，在网络路由算法中也是优先考虑的一个主要因素。分簇路由具有拓扑管理方便、能量利用高效、数据融合简单等优点，已成为当前路由技术一个十分重要的讨论方向。本文对现有的无线传感器网络路由协议进行了分类和比较讨论，然后有针对性地选择了典型的分簇式路由协议 LEACH 协议作为讨论对象。LEACH 协议使用了自适应成簇技术和簇头节点的轮换技术。它将所有节点分为若干簇，使用簇头节点的轮换技术使每个簇随机选举一个簇头。簇形成后系统进入稳定工作阶段，开始信息的收集和传递。分簇的方式可以优化资源分配，提高能量使用效率。论文最后，采纳 MATLAB 软件对 LEACH 协议的网络生存时间进行了讨论和仿真，实验结果表明，算法具有较好的节能性和可扩展性。关键词：无线传感器网络；LEACH 路由协议；MATLAB 仿真I下载后可任意编辑AbstractRouting technology is vital to the lifecycle of wireless sensor network.One important feature of wireless sensor networks is that the energy is limited.This feature is considered to be the main element in routing algorithm of WSN.As an active branch of routing technology, cluster-based routing protocols havemany advantages, such as network topology management, energy minimization,data aggregation and so on,which has become a very important routing technology research.The LEACH protocol uses the adaptive clustering and cluster head node rotation technique. It will be all the nodes are divided into several clusters, the cluster head nodes rotation technology enables each cluster random elect a cluster head. After the formation of cluster,system entered into a stable stage, information collection and transmission. The clustering method can optimize the allocation of resources, improve energy use efficiency. Finally, usin...