药学专业 山楂的药理作用及应用

山楂的药理作用及应用摘要摘要：山楂又称山果、山红、玫瑰杏树、枯叶杜鹃，最高可达 6 米。它们分布在山东、陕西、山西、河南、江苏、浙江、辽宁、吉林、黑龙江、内蒙古和河北等地区。果核硬，肉薄，味道有点酸。山楂属植物为蔷薇科，分布于北温带，世界有该属植物 1000 余种近年来，国内外学者对其原植物、化学、炮制、药理及临床研究都有较大发展。水果既可以生吃，也可以转化为核桃果饼，干燥后服用，是中国特有的一种既使用树种，有减少血脂、血压、强心剂、心律等效果的药物。它也是一种治疗脾胃、消化不良、出血和粘液中毒的好药，对脾脏的速度、疝、出血点和关节炎有很好的治疗效果。槲皮素的酮类化合物是一种高度抗癌的药物，其提取物对抑制肿瘤细胞在体内的生长、扩散和转移具有一定的作用。关键词：山楂；药理作用；应用Abstract:Hawthorn is also called mountain fruit, mountain red, rose apricot tree, withered leaf cuckoo, which can reach up to 6 meters. They are distributed in Shandong, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia and Hebei. The stone is hard, the meat is thin, and the taste is a little sour. Fruit can be eaten raw or converted into walnut cake, which is taken after drying. It is a kind of unique Chinese medicine with effects of reducing blood lipid, blood pressure, cardiotonic, heart rhythm, etc. It is also a good medicine for spleen and stomach, dyspepsia, hemorrhage and mucous poisoning, and has good therapeutic effects on spleen speed, hernia, bleeding point and arthritis. Ketones of quercetin are highly anticancer drugs, and their extracts have certain effects on inhibiting the growth, diffusion and metastasis of tumor cells in vivo.Key words: hawthorn; Pharmacological effects; Application目录目录................................................................3一、 绪论...........................................................41.1 山楂简介.....................................................41.2 山...