英语简单句的五种基本句型讲解及习题VIP免费

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及习题一、句子成份英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。1、主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。但在therebe结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：Countrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.（名词）WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.（代词）One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.（数词）Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.（不定式）Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（动名词）Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名词化的形容词）WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（主语从句）Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）2、谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。1)简单谓语：Westudyforthepeople.2)复合谓语：IcanspeakalittleEnglish.Wearereadingbooks.HehasgonetoBeijing..3、表语:它位于系动词(比如be)之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。Mysisterisanurse.Isityours?（代词）Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容词）Thespeechisexciting.（分词）Threetimessevenistwentyone?（数词）HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式）Hishobby（爱好）isplayingfootball.（动名词）Therulermustbeinyourbox.（介词短语）Timeisup.Theclassisover.（副词）Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.（表语从句）4、宾语:宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，WelikeEnglish.Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.（数词）Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.（名词化形容词）Itbegantorain.（不定式短语）Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.（动名词短语）Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.（宾语从句）有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。Hegavemesomeink.有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如：Wemakehimourmonitor(班长).5、宾补:就是宾语补足语，就是补充说明宾语的IseeyoucrossingthestreetHisfathernamedhimDavid.（名词）Theypainted（涂漆）theirboatwhite.（形容词）Letthefresh（新鲜的）airin.（副词）Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.（不定式短语）Wesawherenteringtheroom.（现在分词）Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.（介词短语）6、定语:在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。Heisanewstudent.但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。Thebikeintheroom/overthere/ismine.Guilinisabeautifulcity.（形容词）Chinaisadeveloping（发展中）country;Americaisadeveloped（发达）country.（分词）Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.（名词）Hisprogress（进步）inEnglishmadeussurprised.（代词）Ourmonitor（班长）isalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.（不定式短语）Heisreadinganarticle(文章)abouthowtolearnEnglish.（介词短语）7、状语:修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。HelivesinLondon.Lighttravelsmostquickly.（副词及副词性词组）Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介词短语）Heissorrytotrouble(麻烦)you.（不定式短语）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分词短语）Once（一旦0youbegin,youmustcontinue.（状语从句）状语种类如下：Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（时间状语）Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.（原因状语）Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.（条件状语）MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地点状语）Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.（方式状语）Shecameinwithadict...