心血管内科常用英文 Symptoms 症状 chest distress 胸闷 dyspnoea 呼吸困难：paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, orthopnea breathlessness 气促 a poor effort tolerance cough 咳嗽 palpitation 心悸 precordial chest pain 心前区胸痛 retrosternally chest pain 胸骨后胸痛 precipitation by exertion, promptly relief by rest or sublingual nitrate a sense of oppression or tightness in the chest - like a band around the chest patients may close a hand around the throat ,put a hand or clenched fist on the sternum may radiate to the neck or jar, accompanied by discomfort in the arms(referred pain) occasionally epigastric or interscapular 上腹部的/肩胛间的 sense of impending death 濒死感 autonomic disturbance including sweating, nausea, vomiting Signs 体征 Vital signs 生命体征 blood pressure (systolic/diastolic, pulse pressure 脉压):hypertension/hypotension pulse rate 脉律: regular/irregular dropped beat 脉搏短绌 respitatory rate : tachypnea 呼吸急促/ respiration ceases 呼吸停止 temperature: fever /clammy peripheries 四肢湿冷 cyanosis 发绀 loss of consciousness，unconsciousness 意识丧失 tic of limbs 四肢抽搐 gatism，urinary and fecal incontinence 大小便失禁 cardiac apex (4/5th ICS-MCL or displaced laterally) 心尖 palpable lift thrill 震颤 cardiac dilatation 心脏扩大 large right atrium 右房大 dilated left ventricle 左室大 beats per minute ,bpm (heart rate) 心率: tachycardia/bradycardia, regular/irregular rhythm heart sounds: S1,S2,S3,S4 gallop 奔马律, systolic click 收缩期卡嗒音, opening snap(二尖瓣)开瓣音, pericardial knock 心包叩击音 heart murmur 心脏杂音 systolic/diastolic/continous grade 1-5 crescendo/decrescendo 递增/递减 radiation location pitch 音调 quality 性质 pericardial friction rub， pericardial rub 心包摩擦音 inspiratory crepitations over the lung bases, basal ...
