力 学 实 验 报 告 标 准 答 案 长安大学力学实验教学中心 1 目 录 一、 拉伸实验···············································································2 二、 压缩实验···············································································4 三、 拉压弹性模量E测定实验···················································6 四 、 低 碳 钢 剪 切 弹 性 模 量G测 定 实验·······································8 五、 扭转破坏实验····································································10 六、 纯弯曲梁正应力实验··························································12 七 、 弯 扭 组 合 变 形 时 的 主 应 力 测 定 实验··································15 八、 压杆稳定实 2 验······································································18 一、拉伸实验报告标准答案 实验目的： 见教材。 实验仪器 见教材。 实验结果及数据处理： 例:(一)低碳钢试件 试 验 前 试 验 后 最小平均直径 d= 10.14 mm 最小直径 d= 5.70 mm 截面面积 A= 80.71 mm2 截面面积 A1= 25.50 mm2 计算长度 L= 100 mm 计算长度 L1= 133.24 mm 试验前草图 试验后草图 3 强度指标: Ps =__22.1___KN 屈服应力 σs= Ps/A __273.8___MPa P b =__33.2___KN 强度极限 σb= Pb /A __411.3___MPa 塑性指标: 1L -L100%L 伸长率 33.24 % 1 100%AAA面积收缩率 68.40 % 低碳钢拉伸图: （二）铸铁试件 试 验 前 试 验 后 最小平均直径 d= 10.16 mm 最小直径 d= 10.15 mm 截面面积 A= 81.03 mm2 截面面积 A1= 80.91 mm2 计...
