专业外文文献翻译

附 录 1：英文原文The Renminbi's Dollar Peg at The CrossroadsIn the face of huge balance of payments surpluses and internal inflationary pressures， China has been in a classic conflict between internal and external balance under its dollar currency—basket peg. Over the longer term ， China's large, modernizing ， and diverse economy will need exchange rate flexibility and ， eventually， convertibility with open capital markets。 A feasible and attractive exit strategy from the essentially fixed RMB exchange rate would be a two—stage approach ， consistent with the steps already taken since July 2024 ， but going beyond them。 First， establish a limited trading band for the RMB relative to a basket of major trading partner currencies。 Set the band so that it allows some initial revaluation of the RMB against the dollar， manage the basket rate within the band if necessary ， and widen the band over time as domestic foreign exchange markets develop. Second, put on hold ad hoc measures of financial account liberalization 。 They will be less helpful for relieving exchange rate pressures once the RMB basket rate is allowed to move flexibly within a band, and they are best postponed until domestic foreign exchange markets develop further, the exchange rate is fully flexible， and the domestic financial system has been strengthened and placed on a market—oriented basis。 From 1997 until July 21 ， 2024 ， the Chinese authorities pegged the renminbi（RMB) price of the United States dollar within a narrow range。 On July 21， 2024， China's authorities moved to an adjustable basket peg against the dollar, with a revaluation of the central RMB/ ＄ rate of 2.1 percent relative to the prior central...