考点 18 -ed 分词高考频度：★★★★★ 规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加 ed 构成(详细规则见后)，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表。过去分词则属于类动词1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是被动关系，表达主语的状态，不仅表达被动，还表达已完毕了。The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是积极关系，表达主语的状态，只表达动作的完毕。 He is retired. 他已退休。3. 有些过去分词作表语时，构成的谓语很靠近被动构造。考向一 过去分词作定语 作定语用的过去分词相称于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。过去分词作定语分为前置和后置两种状况。 1．前置定语单个的过去分词作定语，一般放在被修饰的名词之前。由及物动词转化而来的过去分词作定语，表达＂被动和完毕＂含义，或只具有＂被动＂含义；由不及物动词转化而来的过去分词作定语，只表＂完毕＂含义。（1）被动和完毕含义：☞We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应变化了的状况。（2）被动含义：☞She is a respected teacher.她是一位受人尊敬的老师。（3）完毕含义：☞They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard. 他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。2.后置定语过去分词短语作定语时，一般放在所修饰的名词之后，它的作用相称于一种定语从句。☞This will be the best novel of its kind ever written ( ＝that has ever been written). 这将是此类小说中写得最佳的。☞Who were the socalled guests invited ( ＝ who had been invited) to your party last night？ 昨晚被邀请参与你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀？☞Yesterday I bought a book published by Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. 昨天我买了一本外语教学与研究出版社出版的书。【易混辨析】(1)过去分词假如表达一种强烈的动作含义，单独使用也可以放在名词的背面。 ☞The experience gained will be of great value to us. 获得的经验对我们很有价值。☞By the end of the year，the total money collected had come to 92 million dollars， all of which were sent to Africa. 到年终为止，筹集到的所有资金达到了 9,200 多万元，所有这些钱全都送往非洲了。 (2)由过去...
