小学教育-“数学模型”应用与小学数学教学现状的调查研究论文

“数学模型”应用与小学数学教学现状的调查研究摘要 模型思想是一种运用数学模型解决问题的方法。随着科学发展，数学模型的运用也越来越广泛，课标中也有模型思想的阐述。笔者此次希望通过调查发现数学模型使用与教学方法不能有效相容的原因。笔者基于了对模型思想和数学模型的理解，结合了苏教版小学数学课本材，从四个领域对教材中直接或者间接体现的数学模型模型进行了整理。之后用问卷法对小学数学的教学现状进行了调查，并对一些教师进行访谈，获得他们对模型思想的看法和建议。结合案例教学分析，寻找原因。笔者发现，模型思想运用存在的主要问题成因是教师对于模型思想的理解有所欠缺, 缺乏教学模型思想的经验，学生和教师的精力有限没有多余精力去研究这三个方面。最后由此提出了四条针对性的策略：了解学情，选择教法，对于不同年龄段选择不同的方法引导帮助学生建模；渗透思想，重现过程，让学生经历前人探索发现知识的过程，感受数学模型建立的方式；增强意识，锻炼思维，提高学生的应用意识并且提升思维创新能力；实践训练，拓展模型，在实际问题中使用模型思想，对模型进行变式训练，及时跟新模型的内涵和结构。关键词 模型思想 数学模型 数形结合The application of "mathematical model" and the investigation of the present situation of mathematics teaching in primary schoolsAbstract The idea of model is a method of using mathematical models to solve problems. With the development of science, the application of mathematical models has become more and more extensive. This time, the author hopes to find out the reasons why the use of mathematical models and teaching methods are not effectively compatible. Based on the understanding of the model ideas and mathematical models, the author combined the elementary school mathematics textbook materials published in jiangsu teaching edition and sorted out the mathematical models directly or indirectly reflected in the textbooks from four fields. After that, the current situation of mathematics teaching in primary schools was investigated by means of questionnaire, and...