四年级儿童叙实性预设加工特点

摘 要当双方都把共有的知识和信息作为言语交际的前提时，预设可以提高交流效率和语言的简洁性。研究旨在考察四年级学生与成人之间的叙实性预设加工能力的差异以及四年级学生对叙实、非叙实预设区分能力的发展状况。研究通过 32 名四年级学生以及 32 名大学生，共 64 名被试参加“合理性判断”的实验结果发现,预设的主效应显著，叙实预设的阅读时间比非叙实预设的阅读时间短。结果表明，叙实预设句的加工较非叙实预设句加工容易。同时发现，年级的主效应显著，四年级学生的阅读时间显著长于大学生的阅读时间。这说明，四年级学生的叙实预设加工能力弱于大学生。关键词：四年级儿童；预设；叙实触发语；预设加工 AbstractWhen both sides take common knowledge and shared information as the presupposition of verbal communication, presupposition can improve communicative efficiency and simplify language. The purpose of this present study was to investigate the difference of factive presupposition between fourth-grade pupils and adults, and the development of children's ability to distinguish presupposition from non-presupposition. In this study, 64 subjects, 32 fourth-year students and 32 college students, participated in the "plausibility judgment" experiment. The results showed that the main effect of the presupposition was significant, that is, the reading time of the factive presupposition was shorter than that of the non-factive presupposition. The results showed that processing factive sentences is easier than processing non-factive sentences. At the same time, it was found that the main effect of grade was significant, that is, the reading time of fourth-grade students was significantly longer than that of college students. This suggests that processing ability of the fourth grade students is weaker than that of college students.Key words：Fourth grade children; Presupposition; Factive Triggers; Presupposition processing目 录小学四年级儿童...