摘 要刺五加是我国东北地区典型的药用植物，有很高的营养价值。本实验以酿酒剩余的刺五加残渣中刺五加籽为原料，提取原花青素，增加刺五加的附加价值。本实验利用超声波辅助提取，从刺五加籽中提取原花青素，优化提取条件，并讨论光照、温度、常见金属离子对原花青素稳定性的影响。以原花青素的提取率为指标，通过单因素实验确立影响原花青素提取量的适宜条件，并通过正交实验确定提取的最佳条件。实验结果表明，原花青素提取的最佳工艺条件为：溶剂乙醇浓度为 55%，刺五加籽和乙醇的料液比为1:50，超声时间为 25min，超声功率为 480W，提取率最高，可以达到0.792%。原花青素对光较为敏感。当温度低于 60℃时，稳定性较好；当温度超过 60℃时，其稳定性较差。所以原花青素应在低温避光的条件下储 存 、 加 工 。 对 于 常 见 金 属 离 子 ， Cu2+ 对 原 花 青 素 的 影 响 较 大 ，K+、Ca2+、Mg2+对原花青素影响较小，因此在原花青素提取、精制和加工过程中应尽量避开 Cu2+的使用。关键词：刺五加；原花青素；超声波；提取；稳定性AbstractAcanthopanax is a typical medicinal plant in the northeast of China,with a high nutritional value.This experiment extracted proanthocyanidinsfrom Acanthopanaxseeds to improve the Acanthopanaxvalue.Ultrasonic wave assisted extraction from Acanthopanaxseedsand the influence of light,temperature and common metallic ion were studied in this paper.With the extraction ratio as index，the optimal extraction conditionswere determined by the single factor and orthogonal experiment.In the ultrasonic extractionexperiments,theresults showed that the reaction conditions were concentration of alcohol 55%,solid-liquid ratio 1:35, ultrasonic time 25 min, ultrasonic power 480W,and extraction ratio of proanthocyanidins was 0.792%.Proanthocyanidins were sensitive to light.And its stability was bad when the temperature is over 60℃.So proanthocyanidinsshuold be stored under the condition of low temperature and darkness.Proanthocyanidins had good stability for K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,and bad ...
