Period Two Learning about Language Grammar：The Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative过去分词作表语和定语1．过去分词作定语(1)单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，有时也放在被修饰的名词之后。My friend is a returned student.我的朋友是个归国的留学生。The excited people rushed into the hall.激动的人们冲进大厅。There is no time left.没有多少时间了。(2)过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。The student dressed in white is my daughter.＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。Is there anything planned for tonight?＝Is there anything that has been planned for tonight?今晚安排了什么活动没有？The book，written in 1957，tells the struggle of the miners.＝The book，which was written in 1957，tells the struggle of the miners.这本书是 1957 年写的，讲的是关于矿工斗争的故事。过去分词作定语与所修饰词之间存在两种意义关系：一是及物动词表被动意义 (或已完成的被动动作)；二是不及物动词表示完成意义。an organized trip 有组织的旅行(被动)The question discussed was very important.被讨论的问题非常重要。(即表被动又表完成)boiled water 开水(完成)fallen leaves 落叶(完成)2．过去分词作表语过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态(用作表语的过去分词大多已形容词化)。这种结构从形式上看与被动语态相同，但后者表示主语所承受的动作。He is very tired after a long walk.走了很长的路，他感到很累。(系表结构)This window is broken.这个窗户破了。(系表结构)This window was broken by the naughty boy there.这个窗户是被那边那个顽皮的男孩打破的。(被动语态)3．现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别：现在分词作定语表示主动意义，过去分词作定语一般表示被动含义。现在分词作定语表示动作正在进行，过去分词作定语表示状态或动作已完成。The child standing over there is my brother.站在那儿的男孩是我弟弟。The room facing south is our classroom.朝南的房间是我们的教室。He is an advanced teacher.他是位高级教师。4．现在分词和过...
