Section Ⅲ Grammar——v.ing 形式作定语和表语v．ing 形式作定语和表语v．ing 形式在句中作定语和表语是本单元的语法内容。下面讲述一下它的具体含义和用法。[观察例句]1 ． It was great fun walking along the streets ， enjoying the relaxing atmosphere！The performances were just amazing.2．And I get lucky money in red envelopes from my parents and relatives，so it's always an exciting time for me.3．Perhaps Thanksgiving.What could be better？Families getting together and eating delicious food，people watching sports games on TV，friends laughing and talking，etc.4．I think it's Christmas.I just can't take my eyes off the shining lights on the Christmas trees everywhere.Lots of smiling faces ， and people singing Christmas carols and wishing each other“Merry Christmas！”[归纳用法]一、v.ing 形式作定语1．单个动词的ing 形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。(1)说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。building materials＝materials for building 建筑材料a reading room＝a room for reading 阅览室(2)表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。a puzzling problem＝a problem that puzzles somebody一个困扰人的问题a surprising result＝a result that is surprising一个惊人的结果developing countries＝countries that are developing发展中国家2．v.ing 形式短语作定语时，放在所修饰的名词之后，并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。(1)They lived in a room facing the street.＝They lived in a room that faces the street.他们住在一间面朝街的房子。(2)The man standing there is Peter's father.＝The man who is standing there is Peter's father.站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。3．v.ing 形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。1(1)The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of f...
