Unit 3 A healthy life Section Ⅲ Grammar——it 的用法(Ⅰ)一、it 用作代词1.it 用作人称代词:(1)指代前面的名词或前面提到过的事;(2)指代性别不明的 child 或 baby;(3)指代未出场的身份不明确的人。如:My friend offered me a beautiful gift yesterday, and I like it very much.我朋友昨天给了我一件漂亮的礼物,我非常喜欢。His sister has given birth to a baby recently. It is said it is very beautiful.他姐姐最近生了个孩子。据说孩子很漂亮。—Who is waiting for you at the bus stop?—I have no idea. It may be my brother.“谁正在公共汽车站等你?”“我不知道。可能是我哥哥。”2.it 用作非人称代词:(1)it 可以表示天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境情况等;(2)it 也可以表示一般的、笼统的情况。如:It is a fine day today, isn't it?今天是个好天气,对吧?It is five kilometres to the town from the village.从村庄到城镇有 5 千米的路。It's ten o'clock now.现在 10 点钟了。It is too bad. There is much work for me to do today.糟透了。今天我有太多的工作要做。3.it 可以指代指示代词 this, that 或不定代词 something, nothing。如:Whenever she sees something that she likes, she goes and buys it.每当她看到了喜欢的东西,她就会去买下来。二、it 用作引导词1.it 在句中作形式主语:it 作为形式主语常用于下面句型中:(1)It be+adj.+(for sb.) to do...(对某人来说)做……是……的。(常用于此句型的形容词有 possible, necessary, important, easy, strange, natural 等)(2)It be+n.+doing...做……是……的。(常用于本句型的名词有 good, use 等)(3)It be+adj.+doing...做……是……的。(常用于本句型的形容词有 useless, worthwhile 等)(4)It be+adj.+that...(对某人来说)做……是……的。(常用于此句型的形容词有necessary, important, strange, natural 等)注意:此句型中从句一般用虚拟语气,即(should) do。(5)It be+过去分词+that...据……。(常用于本句型的过去分词有 said, announced, believed, reported, known, hoped 等)(6)It be+n.+that...做……是……的。(常用于此句型的名词有 pity, honour, shame,...