Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures过去分词作表语和状语1．(教材 P52)Born(bear) in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988．2．(教材 P52) Moved(move) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time．”3．(教材 P56)I was very afraid and I felt so alone and discouraged(discourage)．4．(教材 P58)Encouraged(encourage) by this first performance and the positive reaction of the audience, I have continued to play the piano and enjoy it more every day．过去分词作表语1．过去分词可放在连系动词 be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become 等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态◆Tom was astonished to see a snake moving across the floor．汤姆很惊讶地看到一条蛇正爬过地板。◆Finally the baby felt tired of playing with those toys．终于婴儿厌倦了玩那些玩具。2．过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态；而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。◆The library is now closed．(状态)图书馆现在关闭了。◆The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday．(动作)昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。3．感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的”；现在分词多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”。◆We were amazed at what he said at the meeting．我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。◆His words were discouraging, which made many people discouraged．他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词表示被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。常用的这类词有：1◆The man standing there looks frightening, and the little boy is frightened．站在那里的那个人看起来很可怕，小男孩吓着了。◆The news was exciting and we were excited the whole night．这则消息令人激动，我们激动了整整一...
