Period Two Learning about Language 被动语态的一些特殊结构1．带情态动词的被动结构：The problem must be solved soon.这个问题必须马上解决。2．带不定式的被动结构：The room is going to be painted.这间房子将要被粉刷。The work needs to be done with care.这项工作需要小心处理。3．动名词的被动结构：He could not bear being made fun of like that.他不能容忍别人那样开他的玩笑。The question is far from being settled.这个问题远没有解决。4．现在分词的被动结构：He asked me who was the man being operated on.他问我正在接受手术的人是谁。You will find the topic being discussed here and there.你会发现到处在讨论这个话题。5．短语动词的被动结构：短语动词的被动结构有以下几种：(1)(不及物)动词＋介词：若这类短语动词是及物的，则可用于被动语态，如 laugh at，look after，talk about，think of 等。若这类短语动词是不及物的，则不可用于被动语态，如 look up，look down 等。(2)(及物)动词＋副词：bring about，carry out，find out，make out，put away，put off，take up，turn down，turn out，wipe out 等。(3)动词＋副词＋介词：do away with，face up to，give in to，look down upon，make up for，put up with 等。(4)动词＋名词＋介词：catch sight of，keep an eye on，make a fool of，pay attention to，put an end to，set fire/light to，take notice of 等。6．带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改成主语，宾语补足语保留在谓语的后面。We always keep the classroom clean.我们一直保持教室清洁。(比较：The classroom is always kept clean.)7．常见的主动形式表示被动意义的词有：(1)动词 want，need，require，deserve 后用动名词的主动形式，这时，动名词同句中的主语有动宾关系。The children need looking after.孩子们需要照顾。The window wants/requires repairing.这窗子需要修理了。(2) 有 些 及 物 动 词 后 须 加 副 词 ( 如 well ， easily 等 ) ， 有 些 可 不 加 ， 如act，clean，cut，draw，lock，open ，play，read，sell，shut，strike，wash，write 等。The cloth washes/sells ...
