高中英语 语法 剖析 Unit 3　Life in the future学案 新人教版必修5

语法·剖析本单元的主要语法项目是过去分词作状语和定语。 一、过去分词过去分词有两大特点：一是表被动的概念；二是表动作已完成。过去分词在句中可用作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语等成分。过去分词在句中作某种成分时，其逻辑主语一般为该分词所表示的动作的承受者。二、过去分词作状语的用法过去分词或过去分词短语常用于以下几种状语：分类说明举例时间状语可用于时间状语从句，也可在过去分词前加上连词“when，while，until”等，使其时间意义更明确。1）Seen from the hill，the park looks very beautiful.=When it is seen from the hill，the parks are very beautiful.从山上看，这个公园非常美丽。2）Don’t speak until spoken to.=Don’t speak until you are spoken to.当别人和你讲话时，你才能讲话。原因状语可用于原因状语从句或并列结构。Touched by his teacher’s words，the boy cried.=The boy was touched by his teacher’s words,so he cried.这个男孩被老师的话打动了，所以他哭了。条件状语可加连词 if，unless 等转换成条件状语从句。Given more time，we could do it much better.（ =If we were given more time ， we could do it much better.）多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。让步状语有 时 可 加 although ， though ， even if，even though，whether...or 等连词转换成让步状语从句。Though warned of the storm ， the farmers were still working in the fields.=Though they had been warned of the storm,the farmers were still working in the fields.虽然农民们已被告知将有风暴，但他们仍然在地里干活。方式伴随状加 and 可转换成并列结构从句。The teacher entered the classroom ， followed by a group of his students.=The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of 用心 爱心 专心1语his students.老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。三、学习过去分词作定语时，注意过去分词所在的位置单独的过去分词作定语常常置于其所修饰的名词前You should improve your spoken English.过去分词短语作定语常常置于其所修饰的名词后He is a teacher respectedby all his students.不及物动词的过去分词作定语当与其所修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，必须在该动词后使用必要的介词He is the student laughed at by all people just now.用心 爱心 专心2