英语词法专题讲座十八:定语从句一、定语从句(一):1. 定语从句的概念: 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。2. 先行词: 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。3. 关系词: 引导定语从句的连词叫关系词。如 that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when 等。4.由 that、which、who、whom、whose 引导的定语从句。关系词指代在定语从句中的作用that既指人也指物作主语、宾语which指物作主语、宾语who指人作主语whom指人作宾语whose既指人也指物作定语二、定语从句(二)1. 先行词是物时,一般情况既可用 that 也可用 which. 但下列情况下,只能用 that 不用which。1). 当先行词为指物的不定代词,如all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、the one 等时,只能用 that。There is nothing ______ I can do for you.2). 当先行词被 the only、the very、the last、all、no、little 等词修饰时,只能用that。This is the very book ______ I’m looking for.3). 先行词被序数词修饰时,只能用 that。This is the first nextbook ______ I studied in the middle school.4). 先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时,只能用 that。This is the most beautiful mountain ______ I have ever seen.=I have _____ seen _____ a beautiful mountian.5). 先行词既有人也有物时,只能 that。He told us many interesting things and persons _______ we had.2. 先行词是物时,一般情况既可用 that 也可用 which. 但下列情况下,只能用 which 不用that。1). 关系代词前有介词时,关系词只能用 which。This is the building in ______ he lives.2). 先行词本身是 that 时,关系词只能用 which。The clock is that _____ tells the time.3). 引导非限定性的定语从句(先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开),关系词用which。His book, ______ was lost last week, has been found now.3. 先行词是人时,一般情况下既可用 who 也可用 that 。但以下情况下,只能用 who。1). 当先行词为 those、one、ones、anyone 且作主语时,一般用 who。Those ______ are singing are all my classmates.2). 在 there be 句型中,先行词指人时,只能用 who。指物时用 that。There is a gir...