蒸汽冷却器的设计摘要冷凝器是使用范围很广的一种化工设备,属于换热器的一种。本设计任务主要是根据已知条件选择采用浮头式换热器机的设计。首先根据给出的设计温度和设计压力来确定设备的结构形式以及壳程和管程的材料,然后根据物料性质和传热面积来确定换热管的材料,尺寸,根数。根据换热管的根数确定换热管的排列,并根据换热管的排列和长度来确定筒体直径以及折流板的选择。通过对容器的内径和内外压的计算来确定壳体和封头的厚度并进行强度校核。然后是对换热器各部件的零部件的强度设计,有法兰的选择和设计计算与校核,钩圈及浮头法兰的设计计算与校核和管子拉脱力的计算。还包括管板的结构设计、防冲挡板、滑道结构的设计以及支座设计。结构设计中的标准件可以参照国家标准根据设计条件直接选取;非标准件,设计完结构后必须进行相应的应力校核。关键词:换热器;强度设计;结构设计AbstractCondenserisakindofchemicalequipmentwhichhaswiderangeofapplicationanditisalsoakindofheatexchanger.Themaintaskofthisthesisistodesignafloatingheatexchangerbasedonsomeknowninformation.Itisimportanttodeterminethetypeofconstructionoftheequipmentandthematerialofitsshellpassandtubepassfirst.Then,thematerial,sizeandnumberoftheexchangetubearedecidedbymaterialpropertyanditsheattransferarea.Theexchangetubesneedtobearrangedonthebasisofitsnumber.What’smore,thediameterandthechoiceofbaffleboardareinfluencedbythearrangementandlengthofexchangetubes.Furthermore,thethicknessoftheshellandshellcoverisdeterminedbytheinnerdiameterandthecalculationofinnerandouterpressureofthecontainer.Meanwhile,itsintensityalsoneededtobechecked.Next,itisalsovitaltodesigntheintensityofcomponentsofheatexchanger,includingthechoice,calculationandcheckingofflange,floatingflangeandbackingdevice,alsothecalculationofpulling-outforceofthetubes.Inaddition,thereareotherthingstobedesignedcarefully,includingtubeplate,impingementbaffle,slideandsupport.Duringthedesignofstructure,standardcomponentscanbereferredtonationalstandardsaccordingtothedesignconditionsofthedirectselection;astothenonstandardcomponents,correspondingstresscheckingisneededafterthedesignoftheconstruction.Keywords:heatexchanger;strengthdesign;structuredesign目录摘要…………………………………………………………………………………………Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………绪论………………………………………………………………………………………11.1换热设备冷凝器过内外研究现状水平和发展趋势…………………………11.2冷凝器的类型及特点…………………………………………………………12换热器的结构计算与强度校核……………………………………………………32.1已知条件…………………………………………………………………32.2确定管子数……………………………………………………………………32.3壳体的内径和厚度………………………………………………………………42.4拉杆的确定……………………………………………………………………52.5确定折流板………………………………………………………………………52.6右端管箱的设计…………………………………………………………………62.7接管和管法兰的设计……………………………………………………………72.8后端管板的设计…………………………………………………………………102.9浮头盖的设计……………………………………………………………………152.10右端管箱的设计………………………………………………………………222.11侧法兰的设计…………………………………………………………………232.12支座的设计与选择……………………………………………………………272.13吊环螺钉的设计………………………………………………………………2...