定语从句 在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句的作用相当于形容词,用来修饰主句中的某一名词或代词或整个主句,所以,也称作形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。一、关系代词引导的定语从句 引导定语从句的关系代词主要有 who, whom, whose, which, that 等。它们分别代替前面的先行词,并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。 A.who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。 What was the name of the man who lent you the money 借钱给你的那人叫什么名字?(定语从句修饰先行词 the man) He who laughs lst laughs best. 谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。(定语从句修饰先行词 he) The chairman of the meeting, who spoke first, sat on my right. 会议主席坐在我右边,他先发言。(定语从句修饰先行词 the chairman) B.whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语。在口语或非正式文体中,whom 可省略或可用 who 来代替,但在介词后面以及在非限制性定语从句中只能用 whom。 There are some people (whomwho)we like and others (whomwho) we dislike. 有些人我们是喜欢的,有些人则是我们讨厌的。(定语从句分别修饰先行词 people, others) The people whomwho I work with are all friendly. 和我一起工作的人都很友好。(定语从句修饰先行词 the people) Mr Carter, whom I spoke to on the phone last night, is very interested in or plan. 昨晚我在电话里和卡特先生交谈过,他对我们的计划很感兴趣。(非限制性定语从句中不能用who 代替 whom) Two men, neither of whom I had ever seen before, came into my office. 两个人来到我的办公室,我以前从未见过他们。(在介词后面不用 who) C.whose 通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语,后面要紧跟被修饰的名词。 There are some people whose faces you can nevr forget. 有些人,他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。(定语从句修饰先行词 people) I saw some trees whose leaves were black because of the polluted air. 我看见一些树的树叶由于空气污染而发黑。(定语从句修饰行词 trees) D.which 1.指物,...