第七章 动词不定式一.相关知识点精讲:1. 不定式作补语 1) 有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构。例如:adviseallowcausechallengecommandcompeldrive 驱使enableencourageforbidforceimpelinduceinstructinvitelike/loveorderpermitmakelethaveWantgetwarnpersuaderequestsendTelltrainurge 例如;Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。 The officer ordered his men to fire. 长官命令士兵开火。注意:有些动词如 make,have,get,want 等可用不定式作做宾补,也可用分词作宾补。现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动。2) 有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构,不定式的动词往往是 be,不定式一般可以省去。例如:considerfindbelieveThinkdeclare ( 声称)appointguessfancy ( 设想)guessJudgeimagineknow 例如:We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。We know him to be a fool. 我们知道他是个笨蛋。(to be 不能省去)典型例题 Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented 答案:C. 一般没有 consider+宾语+be 以外不定式的结构,也没有 consider+宾语+doing 的结构,排除 A、B、D。consider 用动词 be 以外的不定式作宾补时,一般要求用不定式的完成式,故选 C。3) 有些动词可以跟 there +to be 的结构。例如:believeexpectintendLikelovemeanpreferwantwishunderstand 例如: We didn't expect there to be so many people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。 You wouldn’t want there to be another war. 你不至于想让另外一场战争发生吧。2. 不定式作主语 不定式作主语,往往用 it 作形式主语,真正的主语不定式放至句子的后面。 例如:It's so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 不用车的时候,锁车是有必要的。 It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们,他真好。 It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西,这显得太自私了。但是,用不定式作主语的句子中还有一个不定式作表语时,不能用 It...