独 立 主 格(一): 独立主格结构得构成: 名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词;名词(代词)+形容词;名词(代词)+副词;名词(代词)+不定式;名词(代词) +介词短语构成。 (二) 独立主格结构得特点: 1)独立主格结构得逻辑主语与句子得主语不同,它独立存在。 2)名词或代词与后面得分词,形容词,副词,不定 式,介词等就是主谓关系。 3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。举例: The test finished, we began our holiday、 = When the test was finished, we began our holiday、 考试结束了,我们开始放假。 The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow、 = After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow、 总统被谋杀了,举国上下沉醉在悲伤之中。 Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow、 假如天气允许,我们明天去瞧您。This done, we went home、 工作完成后,我们才回家。 The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier、 会议结束后,每个人都想早点回家。 He came into the room, his ears red with cold、她回到了房子里,耳朵冻坏了。 He came out of the library, a large book under his arm、 她夹着本厚书,走出了图书馆2 With 得复合结构作独立主格 表伴随时,既可用分词得独立结构,也可用 with 得复合结构。 with +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语 举例: He stood there, his hand raised、 = He stood there, with his hand raise、 典型例题 The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。A、 being tied B、 having tied C、 to be tied D、 tied 答案 D、 with +名词(代词)+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时,其主语常常用 with 来引导。由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"就是被动关系,因此用过去分词,选 D、 注意: 1) 独立主格结构使用介词得问题: 当介词就是 in 时,其前后得两个名词均不加任何成分(如物主代词或冠词),也不用复数。但 with 得复合结构不受此限制 A robber burst into the room, knife in hand、 ( hand 前不能加 his)。 2) 当表人体部位得词做逻辑主语时,及物动词用现在分 词,不及物动词用过去分词。...
