不定式做后置定语

不定式做后置定语(4 页)Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。不定式作后置定语动词不定式作定语，修饰其前面的名词或代词，也叫中心词，动词不定式跟中心词有逻辑关系，大致分为主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系和状语关系等。1 主谓关系：不定式的动作是不定式所修饰的中心词来执行。可以改成定语从句。1) 不定式还可用来修饰人。He is a man to finish his task best.他是完成任务最好的人。→He is a man who has finished his task best.He was a brave man to do what he did.他是个敢做敢当的勇敢之人。→He was a brave man who could do what he did.2) 不定式常可用来修饰物，表示某物要做某事。The next train to arrive was from New York.下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。→The next train which would arrive was from New York.The world mathematics conference to take place in Beijing next month is bound to be a great success.下月将在北京召开的世界数学大会一定取得圆满成功。→The world mathematics conference which is going to take place in Beijing next month is bound to be a great success.2 动宾关系：不定式所修饰的中心词跟不定式有动宾关系。可改成定语从句。跟主谓关系一样，不定式修饰的既可以是人，也可以是物。不定式动作的执行者可能是句子的主语，也有可能是句子的宾语；有时不定式动作的执行者暗含在上下文中；有时用 for somebody/something 指出动作的执行者；有时根本不知道是谁。1) 及物动词不定式：动词不定式直接放在所修饰的中心词之后。Do you have anything to say (which you will have to say)? 你有什么要说的吗？This is a delicious cake for you to eat (which you can eat).这是一个给你吃的美味蛋糕。2) 不及物动词不定式：由于不定式跟中心词有动宾关系，因此不及物动词或短语之后应该使用相应的介词。She has a room to live in.她有一间房子住。He has a child to take care of.他有一个孩子要照管。3) 有些名词接不定式做定语，可以省略介词，它们是：place, reason, time, way 等。Is that the way to do it (in which/that it can be done)? 这是做这个事情的方法吗？You need a...