动词的 ing 形式作表语,定语,宾补和状语一、动词—ing 形式作表语1
表示主语的内容 ,可以转换到句首作主语Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible
(= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job) 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持洁净
表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词 ing 相当一个形容词) The problem is quite puzzling
这个问题很令困惑
常用来作表语的现在分词有 astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising 等
全析提示:动词—ing 形式作表语时,其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语,但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语
What worries me most is her staying too late every night
(staying too late every night 的逻辑主语是 her)二、 动词-ing 形式作定语1 单个的动词—ing 形式可以作前置定语,一般具有两种含义
① 说明被修饰名词的用途和性能
a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method for working 工作方法② 表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态,在意思上接近一个定语从句,可以表示正在进行的动作,也