动词的 ing 形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语一、动词—ing 形式作表语1。 表示主语的内容 ,可以转换到句首作主语Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. （= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job） 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持洁净.2。 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态（动词 ing 相当一个形容词） The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令困惑。3。常用来作表语的现在分词有 astonishing， amusing， confusing， disappointing, boring， encouraging， inspiring， moving, tiring, interesting, surprising 等。全析提示：动词—ing 形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night 的逻辑主语是 her)二、 动词-ing 形式作定语1 单个的动词—ing 形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。 ① 说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method for working 工作方法② 表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句,可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示常常性动作或当时的状态。developing countries = countries that are developing进展中国家an ordinary—looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人的问题2 作定语的动词—ing 形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。They lived in a house facing south.（=which is facing south)他们住在一所朝南的房子里。Do you know the boy playing basket?(=Who is playing basket)你认识在打篮球的那个小男孩吗？The man visiting Japan （=the man who is visiting Japan ) is my uncle 正在访问日本的那个男人是我的叔叔。三、动词-ing 形式作宾补1、动词-ing 形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后 面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作,强调一个过程或一种状态. When we returned, we found a stran...
