高三英语学习素材：非谓语动词

非谓语动词非谓语动词是指分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）、不定式、动名词等三种形式，即： doing , done , to do , doing 。当然它们有各自不同的变化形式，如： 现在分词 doing : 有 being done（被动式） ; having done （完成式）; having been done （完成被动式） 不定式 to do : 有 to be done （被动式）; to have done （完成式）; to be doing（进行式） 动名词 doing : 有 having done（完成式）; being done（被动式） ; 非谓语动词的特点： 三种非谓语动词都具有动词的特征，虽然它们没有人称和数的变化，但是它们都能带自己的状语或有时跟宾语。它们都有各自的特征：分词具有形容词和副词的特征；动名词具有名词的特征；不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。具体来讲：分词在句子中可以做定语、表语、状语或补足语等；动名词在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语等；不定式在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、补足语或状语。 下面分别对三种非谓语动词进行讲解：一．动词不定式先看几个例句，判断不定式在句中的成分。1．To learn a foreign language is difficult .2． His wish is to be a driver . 3．Tom wanted to have a cup of beer . 4．The teacher told us to do morning exercises . 5．I have nothing to say . 6．They went to see their aunt . 7．It’s easy to see their aunt.8．I don’t know what to do next .9．I heard them make a noise .说明：1．动词不定式作主语, 2.动词不定式作表语,3.动词不定式作宾语,4．动词不定式作宾语补足语，5．动词不定式作定语,6．动词不定式作目的状语,7．动词不定式作真正主语，it 代替动词不定式，作形式主语。8．带有连接代词的动词不定式作宾语,9．不带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 掌握动词不定式应注意的几个问题：1． “to” 是不定式符号还是介词，下列短语中的 to 都是介词。 agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to , equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to 2． 带 to 还是不带 to I have no choice but to give in I cannot do anything but give in I saw hi...