专题 05 介词【2019 年高考考纲解读】介词的考查形式多样,除了单纯考查介词外,还常考查介词与其他词的搭配。此外,在定语从句中,也常考查“介词+关系代词”的用法。有些介词的考查频率较高,如 with,beyond。连词考查较多的有:but 和 while,“祈使句+and/or+并列句”中的 and 和 or;另外,for 作为并列连词的用法也是一考点。【重点难点】一、介词 with 的用法主要有1.表示“和……在一起”,“由……陪同”或“有……在场”The students went to the farm with their teachers.学生们与他们的老师一起去了农场。2.表示“随着……”With time passing, they have grown into big boys and big girls.随着时间的流逝,他们已经长成大小伙子和大姑娘了。3.with 后面加复合宾语,说明附带情况He likes to sleep with the windows open.他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。4.表示“具有;带有;包括……在内”China is a country with a long history.中国是个历史悠久的国家。5.表示原因或理由The little girl was trembling with fear.这个小女孩吓得发抖。 二、介词短语1.动词+介词account for 说明 agree on 对……达成协议 begin with 以……开始 come across 碰见 go into 调查 keep from 阻止 look for 寻找 stand for 代表 agree with 同意(某人意见) answer for对……负责 wait for 等待 decide on 对……作出决定 head for 向……前进 live on 靠……生活 look into 调查 stick to 坚持 agree to 同意(某种安排等) aim at 针对 call for 要求 get into进入 hear from 接到……的信、电话 look after 照顾 run into 碰到 wait on 招待2.动词+副词+介词add up to 合计达…… come up with 提出 get on with 与……相处融洽 look down upon 看不起 look up to 敬仰(某人) put up with 忍受 come up against 遭到反对 do away with 废除 keep up with 跟上 look forward to 盼望 make up for 弥补 stand out for 坚决要求 come up to 达到 get down to 开始认真考虑 live up to 不辜负(期望) look out for 当心 run out of 用完 stick out for 坚持要求3.动词+名词+介词catch sight of 突然看见 make room for 为……腾出...