摘 要: 中国城市的生活垃圾总量呈逐年增长的态势,而目前城市垃圾处理采用的主要 方式仍是露天堆放和卫生填埋,这必然要带来垃圾污染、资源浪费和垃圾处理场地紧张等问 题。垃圾分类回收是解决上述问题的最好出路。中国的垃圾分类回收难以实施的症结主要表 现在观念滞后、理论研究缺乏和政府的工作力度不够。日本具有很好的城市垃圾分类回收的 经验,即国家政府重视、地方政府统计数据完备、有切实可行的削减目标以及对居民进行系 统而细致的教育等,很值得借鉴。 关 键 词:城市生活垃圾;分类回收;日本经验 Abstract: The gross quantity of urban garbage in China is increasing year by year. But, th e garbage disposal is still mainly left in piles on exposed yards or buried unde rground thus bringing about the problems such as pollution due to garbage, wasteof resources and shortage of land area for garbage burying. The best way to sol ve the problems is garbage sorting/recovery. The main reasons why the garbage so rting/recovery process is so difficult to implement in China are the out-of-da teideas, lack of theoretical/practical investigation relevant to the process anddeficiency of governmental efforts to do that. In this respect Japanese accumula ted plentiful experience including the national policy of urban garbage disposalby sorting/recovery, complete statistical data provided by local governments, f easible cut target in unexecution and the systematic and careful education. Allof these are the lessons to be learned by the governments in China. Key words:urban garbage; sorting/recovery; Japanese experience 中国是世界上人口最多的发展中国家,基本国情是:人均资源不足,技术相对落后,城市管理水 平不高。要处理好经济、社会、环境三者间的关系,要实现城市的可持续发展,必然要求用循 环经济模式取代传统的经济发展模式。循环经济体现在生产方式的改变上,则要求建立工业 生态系统;体现在生活方式的变革方面,则要 求对城市生活垃圾的处理实行分类回收,而不是一味地丢弃。要探...
