安徽语法十 非谓语动词考点一 动词不定式 ( 六年未考,只做了解 ) 动词不定式的基本形式是“ to +动词原形”,否定形式是在动词不定式前加 not 。动词不定式具有动词的特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语,但没有人称与数的变化,在句中也不能作谓语,动词不定式及其宾语和状语构成动词不定式短语。1 .作主语动词不定式作主语时,可以用动名词替换且常用 it 作形式主语,把动词不定式后置,常构成“ It + be + adj.( + for sb.)+动词不定式”。It's important (for us) to protect the environment.( 对我们来说 ) 保护环境很重要。2 .作表语My job is to teach English. 我的工作是教英语。3 .作宾语或宾语补足语(1) 接动词不定式作宾语的动词 ( 短语 ) 有 want, begin/start, love, forget, remember, teach, decide, agree, seem, would like, plan 等。(2) 接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 ask, tell, invite, allow, want, wish, encourage 等。(3) 在使役动词 make, let, have 和感官系动词 feel, look, smell等的后面作宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号 to 要省略。 help 后的动词不定式可带 to 也可不带 to 。4 .作定语I have a lot of homework to do. 我有许多家庭作业要做。★ 动词不定式与所修饰的名词之间是动宾关系,如果动词不定式是不及物动词,其后要有相关的介词。The cat is easy to take care of. 这只猫很容易照顾。5 .作状语Mrs. Wang went to Shanghai to see her daughter. 王太太去上海看她女儿。 ( 目的 )We're glad to meet you here. 我们很高兴在这儿见到你。( 原因 )He is too tired to work on. 他太累了不能继续工作了。 ( 结果 )6 .“疑问词+动词不定式”结构疑问词 who, what, when, where, how, which 等后接动词不定式,在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。The teacher is telling the students what to do. 老师正告诉学生们做什么。He didn't know where to go( = where he should go) .他不知道去哪里。7 .含动词不定式的特殊句型与短语too... to... 太……而不能……Why don't you do sth. ?为什么不做某事?had better do sth. 最好做某事prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事,而...