摘要社会化分工日益精细化，使得供应与生产、生产与消费在时间和空间上出现了矛盾，促使物流在社会生产和生活中扮演着越来越重要的作用，物流的运营水平关系着一个国家经济发展的水平，各国政府都正大力发展本国物流。配送是物流运作中的一个重要环节，车辆路径问题是物流运输系统的核心组件，研究车辆路径问题有助于企业降低物流成本、提高运作效率、提高客户满意度。车辆路径问题将运筹学理论与管理实践紧密地结合在一起，是近半个世纪以来运筹学领域最成功的研究之一。本文主要结合海王星辰在宁波市内的配送路径优化实例，简单介绍了城市物流的一些基本特征及发展的意义、国内外对车辆路径的研究现状、车辆路径优化问题，因本文采取节约算法作为路径优化的工具，故并着重介绍了节约算法的概念及其算法过程，最后详细的介绍了海王星辰路径优化的方案过程及其得出的结果。关键字：物流；车辆路径问题；配送路径优化；节约算法Abstractwithmoreandmorerefineddistributionofsociallabor,thesupply、theproductionandtheconsumptionhardlyworkwellintimeandspaceanylonger,whichresultedinanincreasinglyimportantroleoftheproductionandthelogisticsinthesociallife.Thecountry'seconomicdevelopmentismainlycontributedbylogisticsoperators,sogovernmentsaremakinggreateffortstodeveloplogistics.Distributionisanimportantpartoflogistics,Vehicleroutingproblemisthemainprobleminthefieldoflogisticstransportationsystem,researchonvehicleroutingproblemswillhelpenterprisestoreducelogisticalcost,improveoperationefficiency,andenhancecustomersatisfactioncomprehensively.SincevehicleroutingproblemstightlyconnecttheoryofOperationResearchwithpracticeofmanagement,whichwasnamedasoneofthemostsuccessfulareasinOperationResearchinthepasthalfcentury.ThispapermainlywiththeNepstardistributionpathoptimizationinstanceinNingboCity,briefintroductiontosomebasicfeaturesandsignificanceofthedevelopmentofurbanlogistics,theresearchstatusofthevehiclepathinchinaandabroad,vehicleroutingproblem.Forthisarticletotaketosavealgorithmasatoolinpathoptimization,soitfocusesontheconceptofsavingalgorithmdescribedindetail,andlastdetailedtheNepstarpathoptimizationsolutionprocessandtheresults.Keywords:logistics；Vehicleroutingproblem；distributionrouteoptimization；savingalgorithm目录1选题背景和研究意义....................................................................................................12城市物流特征及发展城市物流意义............................................................................22.1城市物流配送.........................................................................................................22.2城市物流的特征.....................................................................................................22.3城市配送的现状.....................................................................................................32.4发展城市物流的意义..............................................................................................43车辆路径优化问题........................................................................................................63.1车辆路径优化的定义.............................................................................................63.2国内外车辆路径问题研究动态..............................................................................73.2.1国外车辆路径问题研究现状...........................................................................73.2.2国内车辆路径问题研究现状...........................................................................83...
