专题限时集训(十七)细节理解题(二)A(2016·镇江第一学期期中考试)In1693thephilosopherJohnLockewarnedthatchildrenshouldnotbegiventoomuch“unhealthyfruit”toeat.Threecenturieslater，misguidedideasaboutchild－raisingarestillpopular.Manyparentsfearthattheirchildrenwilldieunlessceaselesslywatched.InAmericathelawcanbeequallyparanoid(偏执的)．InSouthCarolinathismonthDebraHarrellwasjailedforlettingher9－year－olddaughterplayinaparkunsupervised(无人监督的)．Herseverepunishmentreflectstherichworld'sworryaboutparenting.Bymostobjectivemeasures，modernparentsarefarmoreconscientious(认真的)thanpreviousgenerations.Dadsaremorehands－onthantheirfatherswere，andworkingmothersspendmoretimenurturingtheirchildrenthanthehousewivesofthe1960sdid.However，therearetwoproblemsinthispicture，connectedtoclass.Oneisatthelowerend.Evenifpoorparentsspendmoretimewiththeirchildrenthantheyoncedid，theyspendlessthanrichparentsdo.Americaisalaggardhere:itsgovernmentspendsabundantlyonschool－agekidsbutmuchlessthanotherrichcountriesonthefirsttwoorthreeyearsoflife.IfAmericadidmoretohelppoorparentswithyoungchildren，itwouldhavehugereturns.Thesecondone，occursattheotherendoftheincomescale，andmayevenapplytootherwiserational(理性的)Economistreaders:well－educated，richparentstrytodotoomuch.Safetyispartofit—theyfearthatiftheyarenotconstantlywatching，theirchildrenmaybreaktheirnecks，whichistheleastrational.Despitetheimpressionyougetfromwatchingcrimedramas，childreninrichcountriesaresafe，solongastheylookbothwaysbeforecrossingtheroad.Theotherpopularparentalfear—thatyourchildrenmightnotgetintoanIvyLeaguecollege—ismorerational.Academicsuccessmattersmorethaneverbefore.Butbeyondacertainpoint，parentingmakeslessdifferencethanmanyparentsimagine.StudiesinMinnesotaandSweden，forexample，foundthatidenticaltwinsgrewupequallyintelligentwhethertheywereraisedtogetherorapart.AstudyinColoradofoundthatchildrenadoptedandraisedbybrainyparentsendedupnobrainierthanthoseadoptedbyaverageparents.Thisdoesn'tmeanthatparentingisirrelevant.Thefamilieswhoadoptchildrenarecarefullyscreened，sotheytendtobewarm，capableandmiddle－class.Butthetwinandadoptionstudiesindicatethatanychildgivenalovinghomeandadequatestimulationislikelytofulfillherpotential.Putanotherway，better－offparentscanaffordtorelaxabit.Andifyouarelessstressed，yourchildrenwillappreciateit，evenifyoustillmakethemeattheirfruitandvegetables.本文主要指出了一些错误的育儿观念，劝说那些紧张的父母学会放松——你的孩子没事的，要多给孩子一点自由。1．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTamisguidedideaofparentingmentionedinthepassage?A．Childrenshouldbeprotectedfromanydangersbytheirparents.B．Themoreconscientiousparentsare，themorechildrenwillsurelybenefitfromparenting.C．Childrenwilldieunlessceaselesslywatched.D．Childrenarelikelytofulfilltheirpotentialwithalovinghomeandadequatestimulation.D[细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句可知，D选项表达的内容与此一致。这显然不是育儿的错误观点。故选项D符合题意。]2．Theunderlinedword“laggard”inParagraph2probablymeansacountrythat________．A．isaheadindevelopmentB．fallsslowbehindothersC．isfreefromphysicalormentaldisorderD．movestoahigherpositionB[词义猜测题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，美国在培育两三岁的幼儿方面的花费比其他发达国家要少得多。由此可见，美国在这方面是一个落后者。故选项B正确。laggard意为“落后者，技不如人者”。]3．Whichofthefollowingcanwelearnfromthepa...
