目录摘要………………………………………………………………ⅠABSTRACT………………………………………………………Ⅱ一、绪论…………………………………………………………1(一)选题缘由………………………………………………1(二)研究目的与意义………………………………………1(三)文献综述………………………………………………2二、混龄教育与同伴交往………………………………………2(一)混龄教育中幼儿同伴交往的特点……………………2(二)混龄教育对幼儿同伴交往的益处……………………7三、混龄教育中幼儿同伴交往存在的问题及成因分析………8(一)混龄教育中幼儿同伴交往存在的问题………………8(二)问题成因分析…………………………………………8四、混龄教育中对幼儿同伴交往的指导策略…………………11(一)家庭方面………………………………………………11(二)幼儿园方面……………………………………………11(三)幼儿教师方面…………………………………………12参考文献…………………………………………………………14致谢………………………………………………………………15附录………………………………………………………………16摘要所谓混龄教育,是指将不同年龄的儿童(主要是3-6岁)随机分配到一个班级,使这些儿童在同一环境中发展、共同游戏、生活和学习。笔者以南京市S幼儿园的混龄班为观察对象进行幼儿同伴交往的研究,在实习期间观察记录混龄教育中幼儿与同龄、异龄同伴进行交往的过程。通过观察发现,混龄教育中幼儿同伴交往的方式以语言为主,主要类型是生活活动,并且同伴交往的发起者多集中于中大班。研究显示混龄教育对于幼儿的发展是有益处的,例如有利于幼儿语言、社会性和合作观念的发展,但同时,混龄教育中的同伴交往也存在一定问题,如年幼幼儿在交往中缺乏主动性、年长幼儿更愿意与同龄幼儿交往以及年幼幼儿在与年长幼儿交往中常处于被支配地位。这些问题的成因主要有外部环境因素和幼儿自身因素,包括了家庭、幼儿园和幼儿教师,以及幼儿的外貌性格和幼儿间的熟悉程度,这些因素对于混龄教育中的幼儿同伴交往均有不同程度的影响。因此,笔者分别对家庭、幼儿园及幼儿教师提出了建议,合作共育,帮助幼儿建立更全面的同伴交往关系,提高幼儿同伴交往的能力,从而促进幼儿的全面发展。关键词:混龄教育;幼儿;同伴交往;异龄交往ⅠABSTRACTTheso-calledmixedageeducationreferstotheallocationofchildrenofdifferentages(mainly3-6yearsofage)randomlytoaclass,sothatthesechildreninthesameenvironmentdevelopment,commongame,lifeandlearning.TheauthortakesthemixedageclassoftheNanjingSKindergartentostudythepeerintercourseofthechildren,andobservestheprocessofassociatingtheyoungchildrenwiththeirpeersanddifferentagesinthepracticeperiod.Throughobservation,thewayofchildren'speerintercourseinmixed-ageeducationismainlylanguage,themaintypesarelifeactivities,andthesponsorsofpeerexchangesareconcentratedinlargeandmiddleclasses.Researchshowsthatmixed-ageeducationisbeneficialtothedevelopmentofyoungchildren,forexample,thedevelopmentofchildlanguage,socialityandcooperativeconcept,butatthesametime,thecompanionintercourseinthemixed-ageeducationalsohassomeproblems,suchasthelackofinitiativeinyoungchildren,olderchildrenaremorewillingtointeractwiththeirpeersandyoungchildrenintheassociationwitholderchildrenoftenatthedominantposition.Thecausesoftheseproblemsaremainlyexternalenvironmentalfactorsandchildren'sownfactors,includingfamily,kindergartenandpreschoolteachers,aswellastheappearanceofyoungchildrenandthedegreeoffamiliaritybetweenyoungchildren,thesefactorsforthemixed-ageeducationofchildren'speerinteractionhasvaryingdegreesofinfluence.Therefore,theauthorofthefamily,kindergartenandpreschoolteachersputforwardtheproposal,coope...