汽车悬架工作原理全英文VIP免费

第1页共17页编号：时间：2021年x月x日书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟页码：第1页共17页HowCarSuspensionsWorkTableofContents:›IntroductiontoHowCarSuspensionsWork›VehicleDynamics›TheChassis›Springs›Springs:SprungandUnsprungMass›Dampers:ShockAbsorbers›Dampers:StrutsandAnti-swayBars›SuspensionTypes:Front›SuspensionTypes:Rear›SpecializedSuspensions:TheBajaBug›SpecializedSuspensions:FormulaOneRacers›SpecializedSuspensions:HotRods›TheFutureofCarSuspensions›LotsMoreInformation›ComparePricesforCarSuspensionsWhenpeoplethinkofautomobileperformance,theynormallythinkofhorsepower,torqueandzero-to-60acceleration.Butallofthepowergeneratedbyapistonengineisuselessifthedrivercan'tcontrolthecar.That'swhyautomobileengineersturnedtheirattentiontothesuspensionsystemalmostassoonastheyhadmasteredthefour-strokeinternalcombustionengine.PhotocourtesyHondaMotorCo.,Ltd.Double-wishbonesuspensiononHondaAccord2005CoupeThejobofacarsuspensionistomaximizethefrictionbetweenthetiresandtheroadsurface,toprovidesteeringstabilitywithgoodhandlingandtoensurethecomfortofthepassengers.Inthisarticle,we'llexplorehowcarsuspensionswork,howthey'veevolvedovertheyearsandwherethedesignofsuspensionsisheadedinthefuture.第2页共17页第1页共17页编号：时间：2021年x月x日书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟页码：第2页共17页VehicleDynamics（汽车动力学）Ifaroadwereperfectlyflat,withnoirregularities,suspensionswouldn'tbenecessary.Butroadsarefarfromflat.Evenfreshlypavedhighwayshavesubtleimperfectionsthatcaninteractwiththewheelsofacar.It'stheseimperfectionsthatapplyforcestothewheels.AccordingtoNewton'slawsofmotion（牛顿运动理论）,allforceshavebothmagnitude（大小）anddirection.Abump（撞击）intheroadcausesthewheeltomoveupanddownperpendicular（垂直的）totheroadsurface.Themagnitude,ofcourse,dependsonwhetherthewheelisstrikingagiantbumporatinyspeck（斑点）.Eitherway,thecarwheelexperiencesaverticalaccelerationasitpassesoveranimperfection.Withoutanintervening（介入）structure,allofwheel'sverticalenergyistransferredtotheframe,whichmovesinthesamedirection.Insuchasituation,thewheelscanlosecontactwiththeroadcompletely.Then,underthedownwardforceofgravity,thewheelscanslambackintotheroadsurface.Whatyouneedisasystemthatwillabsorbtheenergyoftheverticallyacceleratedwheel,allowingtheframeandbodytorideundisturbedwhilethewheelsfollowbumpsintheroad.Thestudyoftheforcesatworkonamovingcariscalledvehicledynamics,andyouneedtounderstandsomeoftheseconceptsinordertoappreciatewhyasuspensionisnecessaryinthefirstplace.Mostautomobileengineersconsiderthedynamicsofamovingcarfromtwoperspectives:Ride-acar'sabilitytosmoothoutabumpyroadHandling-acar'sabilitytosafelyaccelerate,brakeandcornerThesetwocharacteristicscanbefurtherdescribedinthreeimportantprinciples-roadisolation,roadholdingandcornering.Thetablebelowdescribestheseprinciplesandhowengineersattempttosolvethechallengesuniquetoeach.PrincipleDefinitionGoalSolutionRoadIsolationThevehicle'sabilitytoabsorborisolateroadshockfromthepassengerAllowthevehiclebodytorideundisturbedwhileAbsorbenergyfromroadbumpsand第3页共17页第2页共17页编号：时间：2021年x月x日书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟页码：第3页共17页compartmenttravelingoverroughroads.dissipate（驱散）itwithoutcausingundue（不恰当的）oscillation（振动）inthevehicle.RoadHoldingThedegreetowhichacarmaintainscontactwiththeroadsurfaceinvarioustypesofdirectionalchangesandinas...