第四讲“错综复杂”的文章结构题Test1(2013·厦门三校高三联考)Manyplantsandanimalsliveclosetogether，andtheydependoneachother.Theyareusuallyverydifferentfromtheirpartners，andyetallliveeasierlivesbecauseofeachother.Itisnature’sideaofsharing.Anexampleofapartnershipisthesharkandpilotfish.Thepilotfishisalittlefishonlyaboutnineincheslong.Hewouldbehelplessifhehungaroundbyhimselfinthemightyocean.Hemakesupforhissizewithhissmartness.Hecleverlyswimsbesidetheshark.Whenthesharkeats，thepilotfishgetstheleftovers.Andthepilotfishneedn’tworryabouthissafety.Thesharkalsogetsbenefitsfromthisrelationship.Thepilotfishcleansfoodscrapsandinsectsfromtheshark’shide.Anotherexampleofdependingoneachotheristheseaanemoneandstripedclownfish.Theseaanemonelookslikeaflowerandhaspetalsthatcontainpoisonousstingingcells.Whensmallfishswimintothepetals，theanemonetrapsandparalyzes(使麻痹)them.However，thestripedclownfishisabletoswimintothepoisonouspetalswithoutbeingharmed.Whenheisindanger，hequicklyswimsintotheseaanemoneandisunabletobeseenbyhisenemies.Topayforhissafety，theclownfishbringsfoodtotheanemone.Healsoguidesotherfishintotheanemone’sdeadlytrap.Largemammalssuchastheox，antelope，rhinocerosesandAfricanbuffaloformsucharelationshipwiththeredbilledoxpecker.Theyprovidedailymealsforthebird.Infactthebirdeatsinsects.Thevariouslargemammalsactasarestaurantwithavariedmenufortheoxpecker.Whatdotheygetinreturnfromthebird？Freebeautytreatments!Someplantslivetogetherinabeneficialrelationshipofsymbiosis.Thefungus(真菌类植物)doesnothavechlorophyll(叶绿素)thatplantsneedtomakefood.However，greenalgaedoescontainchlorophyll.Itis，therefore，abletofeedthefungusalongwithitself.Butnothingisfree！Thefungusrepaysitbyprotectingthealgae.Sinceittakesinandstoreswater，itcanprovidethealgaewithanonendingwatersupply.语篇解读本文用四个例子来说明一些动植物之间相互依赖，相互帮助，共同分享的关系。1．Whydoesthepilotfishswimbesidetheshark?A．Becausehelikeseatingthewastegivenoffbytheshark.B．Becausehecanhelpthesharkgetfood.C．Becausehecangetfoodandprotection.D．Becauseheneedsthehelpofthesharktoleadhisway.解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Whenthesharkeats，thepilotfishgetstheleftovers.Andthepilotfishneedn’tworryabouthissafety.”可知，答案为C。答案：C2．Torepaytheseaanemone，thestripedclownfish________.A．paralyzessmallfishforhimB．helpshimcatchotherfishC．doessomecleaningworkD．warnshimofthedanger解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Topayforhissafety，theclownfishbringsfoodtotheanemone.Healsoguidesotherfishintotheanemone’sdeadlytrap.”可知，答案为B。答案：B3．Whatdothefungusandthegreenalgaesharewitheachother?A．Energyandlight.B．Foodandenergy.C．Lightandchlorophyll.D．Chlorophyllandwater.解析：考查细节理解。根据最后一段内容可知，真菌类植物生存依靠绿藻的叶绿素。作为回报，真菌类植物向绿藻提供水源。答案：D4．Whatisthestructureofthepassage?A．①→②③④⑤B．①→②③→④⑤C．①②③④→⑤D．①②③→④⑤解析：考查文章结构。本文第一段提出文章的主旨，下面四段分别举了四个例子来说明，通篇为总分结构，故答案为A。答案：ATest2(2013·福建省普通高中质量检查)Severalyearsago，MasaruIbuka，chairmanofSony，wasatacompanyplanningameeting.Suddenlyhehadabrilliantidea.HestoppedthemeetingandaskedeveryonepresentwhatwouldhappenifSonyremovedtherecordingfunctionandspeakerandsoldheadphoneswithatapeplayerinstead.Almosteveryonethoughthewascrazy.Still，Ibukakeptthinkingab...
