第六讲“戴着面纱”的“事实”型细节理解题Test1(2013·湖北省部分重点中学高三下学期联考)“Plantswereexpectedtogetlargerwithincreasedcarbondioxideintheatmosphere，butchangesintemperature，humidityandnutrientavailabilityseemtohavetrumpedthebenefitsofincreasedcarbondioxide，”saidresearchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore.45percentofthespeciesstudiednowreachsmalleradultsizesthantheydidinthepast.Theresearcherspointoutthatwarmertemperaturesandchanginghabitats，causedbyclimatechange，arepossiblereasonsfortheshrinkingofcreatures.“Wedonotyetknowtheexactmechanismsinvolved，orwhysomeorganismsaregettingsmallerwhileothersareunaffected，”theresearcherssaid.“Untilweunderstandmore，wecouldberiskingnegativeconsequencesthatwecan’tyetquantify.”Thechangewasbigincoldbloodedanimals.Onlytwodecadesofwarmertemperatureswereenoughtomakereptiles(爬行动物)smaller.Anincreaseofonly1℃causednearlya10percentincreaseinmetabolism(新陈代谢)．Greateruseofenergyresultedintinytortoisesandlittlelizards.Fisharesmallernowtoo.Thoughoverfishinghasplayedapartinreducingnumbers，experimentsshowthatwarmertemperaturesalsostopfishgrowth.Thereisarecentreportonwarmertemperatures’negativeeffectsonplankton(浮游生物)，thebaseofthemarineecosystem.Warmbloodedanimalsweren’timmunefromthesizechangecausedbyclimatechange.Manybirdsarenowsmaller；Mammalshavebeenminiaturizedtoo.Soaysheeparethinner.Reddeerareweaker.Andpolarbearsaresmaller，comparedwithhistoricalrecords.Thisisn’tthefirsttimethishashappenedinEarth’shistory.55millionyearsago，awarmingeventsimilartothecurrentclimatechangecausedbees，spidersandantstoshrinkby50to75percentoverseveralthousandyears.Thateventhappenedoveralongertimethanthecurrentclimatechange.Thespeedofmodernclimatechangecouldmeanorganismsmaynotrespondoradaptquicklyenough，especiallythosewithlonggenerationtimes.So，itislikelythatmorenegativeinfluencesofclimatechangewillbeshowninthefuture.语篇解读研究人员发现气候变暖导致地球上许多生物个体变小。1．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Whydosomespeciesbecomesmaller?B．HowdoesclimatechangeinEarth’shistory?C．ClimatechangehasmanynegativeeffectsD．Speciesbecomesmallerasclimatewarms解析：考查主旨大意。全文主要说明了气候变暖导致许多生物个体变小这一现象，因此D项最适合作本文标题。答案：D2．Theunderlinedword“trumped”inthefirstparagraphcanbereplacedby“________”．A．increasedB．beatenC．strengthenedD．equaled解析：考查词义猜测。根据句中的but可知，画线词所在部分与画线词前面的内容“大气中二氧化碳的增加将使生物个体变大”是转折关系，从而可以推测气温、湿度、营养等的变化对生物的影响战胜了二氧化碳增加的好处，即实际上生物个体变小了。答案：B3．ResearchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingaporebelievethat________.A．howclimatechangeaffectsanimals’sizeshasnotbeenfoundclearlyB．alltheanimalsontheEarthhavebecomesmallerC．toomanystudiesonanimals’sizeshavebeendoneD．climatechangehasmorenegativeeffectsonwarmbloodedanimals解析：考查细节理解。第三段研究人员提到“Wedonotyetknowtheexactmechanismsinvolved”，其中“theexactmechanisms”指的是气候变暖影响生物个体大小的确切原理，因此A项正确。答案：A4．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Climatechangehasevenaffectedplanktonnegatively.B．Birdshavesufferedmorefromclimatechangethanfish.C．Coldbloodedanimalsbecomesmallerbecauseofthelackoffood.D．ThewarmingeventhasneverhappenedinEarth’shistorybefore.解析：考查细节理解。根据第...
