1新冠状病毒相关英语表达及知识【知识点】冠状病毒（coronavirus）是一类主要引起呼吸道、肠道疾病（respiratoryandintestinaldiseases）的病原体。这类病毒颗粒的表面有许多规则排列的突起（afringeofbulboussurfaceprojections），整个病毒颗粒就像一顶帝王的皇冠（royalcrown），因此得名“冠状病毒”。冠状病毒除人类以外，还可感染猪、牛、猫、犬、貂、骆驼、蝙蝠、老鼠、刺猬等多种哺乳动物以及多种鸟类（mammalsandbirds）。【关于新型冠状病毒】2019-nCoV,asit’sbeenlabelled,isunderstoodtobeanewstrainofcoronavirusthathasnotpreviouslybeenidentifiedinhumans.这种新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）此前未在人类身上发现过。Coronavirusesareabroadfamilyofviruses,butonlysix(thenewonewouldmakeitseven)areknowntoinfectpeople.冠状病毒是一个庞大的病毒家族，目前已知会感染人类的有六种（新发现的这种是第七种）。【相关词汇】新型冠状病毒novelcoronavirus/newstrainofcoronavirus呼吸道疾病respiratorydiseases禽流感病毒avianinfluenzavirus密切接触者closecontacts潜伏期incubationperiod疑似病例suspectedcase确诊病例confirmedcase得肺炎get/catchpneumonia2接受医学观察undermedicalobservation流行病学调查epidemiologicalinvestigation病毒爆发virusoutbreak遏制疫情爆发containtheoutbreak严格隔离政策strictisolationpolicy携带病毒carryingthevirus超级传染源superspreader医疗费用报销reimbursementformedicalexpenses中国大部分地区(口罩)供应紧张tightsuppliesinlargeareasofChina人传人human-to-humantransmission医务人员感染infectionofmedicalworker【相关报道】Scientistsbelieveananimalsourceis“themostlikelyprimarysource”butthatsomehuman-to-humantransmissionhasoccurred.科学家认为动物是“最有可能的初始感染源”，不过，也有一些人传人的病例。Signsofinfectionincluderespiratorysymptoms,fever,cough,shortnessofbreathandbreathingdifficulties.感染症状包括：呼吸道症状，发烧，咳嗽，呼吸短促，呼吸困难等。【阅读理解】AnewChinesecoronavirus,acousinoftheSARSvirus,hasinfectedmorethan1000peoplesincetheoutbreak(爆发）beganinWuhan,China,inDecember.ScientistLeoPoon,whofirstdecodedthevirus,thinksitlikelystartedinananimalandspreadtohumans.“Whatweknowisitcausespneumonia（肺炎）andthendoesn’trespondto3antibiotic（抗生素）treatment,whichisnotsurprising,butthenintermsofmortality（死亡率）,SARSkills10%oftheindividuals,”Poon,avirologist（病毒学家）attheSchoolofPublicHealthatTheUniversityofHongKong,said.TheWorldHealthOrganizationofferedguidancetocountriesonhowtheycanprepareforit,includinghowtomonitorforthesickandhowtotreatpatients.Hereareseventhingsyoushouldknowaboutacoronavirus.WhatisacoronavirusCoronavirusesarealargegroupofvirusesthatarecommonamonganimals.Inrarecases,theyarewhatscientistscallzoonotic[?z????n??t?k]（人畜共患病）,meaningtheycanbetransmittedfromanimalstohumans,accordingtotheUSCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Coronavirussymptoms（症状）Thevirusescanmakepeoplesick,usuallywithamild（轻度）tomoderate（中度）upperrespiratorytractillness（上呼吸道疾病）,similartoacommoncold.Coronavirussymptomsincludearunnynose,cough,sorethroat,possiblyaheadacheandmaybeafever,whichcanlastforacoupleofdays.Forthosewithaweakenedimmunesystem,theelderlyandtheveryyoung,there’sachancetheviruscouldcausealower,andmuchmoreserious,respiratorytractillnesslikeapneumoniaorbronchitis[br???ka?t?s]（支气管炎）.Thereareahandfulofhumancoronavirusesthatareknowntobedeadly.MiddleEastRespiratorySyndrome（中东呼吸综合征）,alsoknownastheMERSvirus,wasfirstreportedintheMiddleEastin2012andalsocausesrespiratoryproblems,b...
