SectionⅢGrammar—用作状语的动词-ing形式[语法初识]原句感知自主探究①...butashestoodtryingtoclearhishead,hesawacat.②Thekingtakesthewomantohispalaceandmarriesher,notknowingthatsheisawickedwitch.③Hearingtheexcitingnews,theboyjumpedforjoy.④Workinghardatyourlessons,youaretosucceed.⑤Beingexhaustedandhungry,hekeptonworking.⑥Travellingbyjeep,Ivisitedanumberofcities.⑦Hisparentsdiedinanaccident,leavinghimanorphan.1.以上各句中，黑体部分在句中均作状语。2．①句中黑体部分作伴随状语，②句中作原因状语，③句中作时间状语，④句中作条件状语，⑤句中作让步状语，⑥句中作方式状语，⑦句中作结果状语。3．由②句可知，动词ing形式的否定式是在其前面加not。[语法剖析]语法点一动词ing形式作状语1．作时间状语时，相当于一个时间状语从句。其前面可加when,while或before等词。Puttingonhisclothes,Billwentoutinahurry.穿上衣服后，比尔匆忙离开了。Whilewaitingatthedentist’s,Ireadashortstory.在牙医诊所候诊时我读了一篇短篇小说。2．作条件状语时，相当于一个条件状语从句。Readingcarefully,you’lllearnsomethingnew.＝Ifyoureadcarefully,you’lllearnsomethingnew.仔细读，你就会学到新东西。3．作原因状语时，一般可改写成as或because引导的原因状语从句。Beingtired,hecouldn’twalkanyfurther.＝Ashewastired,hecouldn’twalkanyfurther.由于累，他再也走不动了。4．作让步状语时，其前可加上although,though,evenif/though等词。Knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。Thoughworkinghard,hecouldn’tearnenoughmoneytopayoffhisdebt.尽管努力工作，他也不能挣到足够的钱还清债务。5．作结果状语时，其前可加thereby,thus,therefore等词。Thebooksoldmorethan500,000copiesayear,makingitoneofthebest-sellersatthattime.那本书一年销售五十多万册，使它成为当时的畅销书之一。Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm,thuscausingthedelay.公共汽车遭遇暴风雪，因此造成了延误。[名师点津]现在分词作结果状语表示自然而然的结果。动词不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，常与only,never,not等副词连用。Theoldladyhurriedtothemarket,onlytofindhermoneystolenonthebus.老太太匆匆赶到市场，结果却发现自己的钱在公共汽车上被偷了。6．作方式或伴随状语。用来说明动作发生的背景或状况。一般情况下，现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，其动作发出者就是句子的主语。谓语动词是主要动作，分词是陪衬动作，伴随状语或方式状语位于句首、句中或句末均可。Theyallstoodthere,watchingcloselywhenthemagicianperformedthemagictricks.当那个魔术师表演魔术时他们都站在那儿，仔细地看着。集中演练11－1.单句改错①Standinfrontoftheschoolgate,Iwonderedwhattodonext.Stand→Standing②Manypeoplestoodatthestop,waitedforthebus.waited→waiting或waited前加and③Openedthewindow,Isawabutterflyflyingintomystudy.Opened→Opening④Callmetomorrow,Iwillletyouknowthelabresult.Call→Calling或I前加and1－2.句型转换⑤AssoonasIheardthepromise,Ifeltagreatloadtakenoffmymind.→Hearingthepromise,_Ifeltagreatloadtakenoffmymind.⑥Allthestudentssatintheclassroom,andwaitedfortheirnewteacher.→Allthestudentssatintheclassroom,waitingfortheirnewteacher.⑦Whilehewasreadingthebook,hefellasleep.→Whilereadingthebook,hefellasleep.⑧BecauseIdidn’tknowhiscellphonenumber,Icouldn’tgetintouchwithhim.→Notknowinghiscellphonenumber,Icouldn’tgetintouchwithhim.语法点二动词ing形式的时态和语态1．在逻辑上，当动词ing形式表示的动作和句子谓语动词表示的动作同时发生时用一般式；当动词ing形式表示的动作发生在句子谓语动词之前时用完成式。Seeingthestrangercomingtowardshim,littleTomranawayasfastashecould.看见陌生人朝他来了，小汤姆尽可能快地跑开了。(see和run...
