SectionⅠWelcometotheunit&Reading—Pre-readingDoyouknowhowmanydiseasessmokingcanleadto?Smokingcausesnearly1in5deathseachyear.About8.6millionAmericanssufferfromsmokingrelatedhealthproblems.CancerThesmokingcancerlinkiswellknowntomostpeople:Smokingcausesatleast30%ofallcancerdeathsand87%oflungcancerdeaths,accordingtotheAmericanCancerSociety.Smokingincreasestheriskofatleast15cancers,includingthoseofthethroat,lip,mouthandstomach.Diabetes(糖尿病)Diabetesandsmokingdon’tmix.Tobaccousecanincreasebloodsugarlevels.Themoreyousmoke,thebiggeryourriskis.Morethan20cigarettesadayalmostdoublesasmoker’sriskofdevelopingdiabetes,comparedwithnonsmokers’.“Peoplewithdiabetesalreadyhavehighercardiovascular(心血管的)risks,”saysDavidKendalloftheAmericanDiabetesAssociation.“Smokingjustaddstotheburdenofthatrisk.”HeartSmokingcandoubletheriskofdyingfromcoronaryheartdisease(冠心病),theleadingcauseofdeathintheUSA,theAmericanHeartAssociationsays.Eachyear,nearly900,000peopledieofcoronaryheartdisease.That’sbecausesmokingnarrowsbloodvesselssupplyingtheheartandotherpartsofthebody;italsoraisesbloodpressure.PregnancyandchildhoodDuringpregnancy,smokingincreasestheriskofcomplications(并发症)thatcanendangeramother’slife.Itnearlydoublestheriskofhavingalow-birthweightbaby.Smokingcausesanestimated910infantdeathsayear,accordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Babieswhobreatheinsecondhandsmokeareatincreasedriskofotherproblems.SkinIfyouwanttohavehealthyskin,quitsmoking.“Thenicotineincigarettescausesnarrowingofthebloodvesselsintheoutermostlayersofyourskin,”saysRichardHurt,directoroftheNicotineDependenceCenter.“Yourskindoesn’tgetasmuchoxygen,animportantnutrient.”Hesaystobaccocontainsmorethan4,000chemicals,manyofwhichcandamagefibersthatgiveskinitsstrength.Quittingimprovesskin’shealthandappearance.Smokingalsoraisestheriskofskincancers.Welcometotheunit1.Manypeopledieorgetilleverydayforvariousreasons.Canyounamesome?■diseases,■naturaldisasters,_■trafficaccidents,■environmentpollution,_■heavyworkpressure,■lackofexerciseandsoon.2.Amongallthesereasons,Aids,_drinking,drugsandsmokingarefourmainkillers.3.HowmuchdoyouknowaboutAids?Areyoufamiliarwiththisredribbon?What’sitrelatedto？Whatdoesitmean?RedribbonisrelatedtoAids.ItmeansthatweshouldgiveAidspatientsloveandcare,understandingandsupport.FastreadingChoosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext.1．HowmanypeoplearoundtheworldcatchHIVeveryday？A．About740,000.B．About7,000.C．About30million.D．About68million.2．HowdoesHIVaffectthebody?A．Byattackingthebody’simmunesystem.B．Byenteringaperson’sblood.C．Bydestroyingaperson’sheart.D．Byattackingthebody’sdigestivesystem.3．WhichofthefollowingisnotthewayAidsspreads?A．Mothertochildtransmission.B．Unprotectedsex.C．Sharethesamecup.D．Bloodtobloodcontact.4．Inwhichcontinentistheinfectionratethehighest?A．InAsia.B．InAmerica.C．InEurope.D．InAfrica.5．What’sthepurposeoftheorganizationUNAIDS?A．ToprovidefreedrugsforAidspatients.B．Totrainthedoctorsandnurses.C．TohelppreventthespreadofAids.D．Tohelpbuildhospitalsineachcountry.答案：1～5.BACDCCarefulreadingⅠ.Readthetextcarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.1．WhatisAidscausedby?A_virus_called_HIV.2．WhathasbeendoneinChinatohelpcontrolthespreadofAids?The_chinese_government_has_opened_labs_to_monitor_the_disease.And_in_2003_it_also_started_providing_free_drugs_for_...
