第12课时如何写定语从句辅导科目:英语年级:高中学科教师:课时数:1授课类型TC定语从句T星级★★教学目的在实际写作中正确运用定语从句教学重、难点定语从句的关系代词及关系副词的选用授课日期及时段教学内容Ⅱ.同步讲解一、定语从句一.基本概念定语从句功能相当于修饰名词的形容词,又叫形容词性从句。运用的时候容易和名词性从句互相混淆。结构是句子+引导词+句子,关键是要抓对引导词。列表如下:连接词在从句内部的成分特征例句who代人,充当主语Heisthemanwhohelpedus.whom代人,充当宾语HeisthemanwhomIhelped.that代人、物,充当主语、宾语、表语ItisthetallestbuildingthatIhaveseen.Itwasthefirsthousethatwasbuilt.Sheisnottheonethatshewas.which代物,充当主语、宾语Thisisthehouseinwhichhelives.Iwonthematch,whichpleasedmyclass.whose代所有格,充当定语Herefusedthebookwhosecoverwasbroken.as代人、物,充当主语、宾语、表语Heissuchamanaslikestohelp.Itisn’tthesamebookasyousawjustnow.Ihaveasmanybooksashehas.Heleftearlier,asweknow.when代时间,充当时间状语IthappenedintheyearwhenIwasborn.where代地点,充当地点状语IthappenedinthehousewhereIwasborn.why代原因,充当原因状语Hetoldhimthereasonwhyshewaslate.注意下面一些小规则:1.先行词词组含有序数词、最高级、不定代词的时候,它后面的定语从句引导词一般使用that,而不是which,例句在上面的表格。2.先行词as在搭配的状态下使用,包括such…as,thesame…as,asmany/much…as,例句在上面的表格。3.as与which的区别Heleftearlier,asweknow.(带出已经知道的旧内容)Heleftearlier,whichsurprisedus.(带出没有人知道的新内容)4.that与what的区别项目that的成分what的成分定语从句主语、宾语、表语不存在Heisthemanthatisill.主语HeisthemanthatIhelped.宾语Heisnotthemanthathewas.表语不存在名词性从句存在,但不充当任何成分主语、宾语、表语Iknowthathewillcome.Thathediedistrue.Myideaisthatyoumustcome.Iknewthefactthatshehadcome.Iknowwhatyoumean.宾语Iknowwhatwassaid.主语Iknowwhathewas.表语[经典例句]①(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)Youknow,myuncleLiMingisgoingtothecitywhereyoulivetoattendaninternationalmeeting.你知道,我的叔叔李明要去你居住的城市参加一个国际会议。②(2013·湖北卷满分作文)IoftenthinkaboutthetimeswhenIhavefelthurtandinsultedbyrudemarksfromstrangersandsometimesevenfromacquaintances.我经常想起被陌生人的言语伤害和侮辱的时候,甚至有时是来自熟悉的人。③(2013·福建卷满分作文)Asailorwhohasexperiencednostormwillneverbecomeanexcellentsailor.没经历过暴风雨的水手永远不会成为一名优秀的水手。④(山东卷满分作文)Iwouldvisitsomemuseumswhichshouldnotbemissedtowidenmyhorizonsaswellasenrichmyknowledge.我总是会参观一些博物馆,这些博物馆对于拓宽视野、丰富知识来说是不应错过的。[写法指导]定语从句是比较难掌握而又是学生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句,因此在写作时可采用“三步法”:第一步:写出两个简单句。第二步:在一个简单句中找出一个要修饰的词汇,这个词在两个简单句中都有。第三步:把另一个简单句改成定语从句,要特别注意引导词的选择。(2013·辽宁卷书面表达)人们可以一边吃月饼一边赏月,月饼是这个节日的特殊食品。第一步:写出两个简单句。①Peoplecanenjoythemoonwhileeatingmooncakes.②Theyarethespecialfoodforthefestival.第二步:在句①中找出一个要修饰的词汇:mooncakes。第三步:用句②充当定语从句,mooncakes为先行词指物,句②中的they指代mooncakes且在句中作主语,故用which引导非限制性定语从句。Peoplecanenjoythemoonwhileeatingmooncakes,whicharethespecialfoodforthisfestival.(建议5-10分钟)Ⅰ.把下列每组题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有定语从句的复合句。1.I’vealwayslongedforthedays.Iwillbeabletobeindependentthen.I’ve_always_longed_for_the_days_when_I_will_be_able_to_b...