高中英语Unit5 First aid文章 First Aid for Burns人教版必修五VIP免费

FirstAidforBurnsAmericanInstituteforPreventiveMedicineBurnscanresultfromdryheat(fire),moistheat(steam,hotliquids),electricity,chemicals,andradiation(i.e.,sunlight).Treatmentforburnsdependson:Thedepthoftheburn(whetheritisfirst,second,orthirddegree).Howmuchareaofthebodyisaffected.Thelocationoftheburn.Firstdegreeburnsaffectonlytheouterskinlayer.Theareaappearsdry,red,andmildlyswollen.Afirstdegreeburnispainfulandsensitivetotouch.Mildsunburnandbriefcontactwithaheatsourcesuchasahotironareexamplesoffirstdegreeburns.Firstdegreeburnsshouldfeelbetterwithinadayortwo.Theyshouldhealinaboutaweekiftherearenootherproblems.(See"FirstAidProceduresforFirstDegreeBurns".)Seconddegreeburnsaffecttheskin'slowerlayersaswellastheouterskin.Theyarepainful,swollen,andshowrednessandblisters.Theskinalsodevelopsaweepy,waterysurface.Examplesofseconddegreeburnsareseveresunburn,burnscausedbyhotliquidsandaflashfromgasoline.Firstaidprocedurescanbeusedtotreatmanyseconddegreeburnsdependingontheirlocationandhowmuchareaisaffected.(See"QuestionstoAsk"and"FirstAidProceduresforSecondDegreeBurns".)Thirddegreeburnsaffecttheouteranddeeperskinlayersaswellasanyunderlyingtissueandorgans.Theyappearblackandwhiteandcharred.Theskinisswollenandunderlyingtissueisoftenexposed.Thepainfeltwiththirddegreeburnsmaybelessthanwithfirstorseconddegreeburns.Therecanalsobenopainatallwhennerveendingsaredestroyed.Painmaybefeltaroundthemarginoftheaffectedarea,however.Thirddegreeburnsusuallyresultfromelectricshocks,burningclothes,severegasolinefiresandthelike.Theyalwaysrequireemergencytreatment.Theymayresultinhospitalizationandsometimesrequireskingrafts.用心爱心专心