高中英语选修Unit4Grammar教案南外仙林分校邱东Teachingaims:(1)Tohelpthestudentsreviewandmastertheusageofv-ingandv-edformsfunctioningasadjectivesandadverbs.(2)Tohelpthestudentstolearntheusageofthepassive,perfectandnegativeformsofv-ingandv-edforms(3)Toenablethestudentstoknowthedifferencesbetweenparticiplesandgerundsandtheinfinitives.Teachingimportantpoints&difficultpoints:(1)Differencesbetweenverb-ingandverb-edforms.(2)Differencesbetween“doing”and“havingdone”.(3)Differencesbetween“doing”and“todo”.Teachingprocedure:Step1Lead-inWarmingup:Step2Usageofv-ingandv-edformsfunctioningasadjectivesandadverbs.Asadjectives:v-ing形式作定语1.单个的v-ing形式可以作前置定语，表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。developingcountries=countriesthataredeveloping发展中国家anordinary-lookinghouse=ahousethatlooksordinary看起来很普通的房子apuzzlingproblem=aproblemthatpuzzlessomebody困扰人的问题2.作定语的v-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面。Thebottlecontainingvinegarshouldbesenttothelaboratory.装着醋的那个瓶子应送到实验室去Theylivedinahousefacingsouth.他们住在一所朝南的房子里。3.某些情况下，定语不能用v-ing形式，必须用定语从句。①作定语的动词-ing形式表示的动作要与主句谓语的动作同时发生，如两者不能同时发生的话，则需使用定语从句。昨天来的教授将要给我们作一个讲座。【误】Theprofessorcominghereyesterdaywillgiveusalecture.【正】Theprofessorwhocamehereyesterdaywillgiveusalecture.②v-ing形式的完成式一般只用作状语，不作定语。被地震毁坏的庙宇很快就要重建了。【误】Thetemplehavingbeendestroyedbytheearthquakewillberebuiltsoon.【正】Thetemplewhichhasbeendestroyedbytheearthquakewillberebuiltsoon.v-ed形式作定语1.单个动词-ed形式作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，作前置定语。Awatchedpotneverboils.心急锅不开。Allthebrokendoorsandwindowshavebeenrepaired.所有的坏门窗都修好了。Whenwearrived,weeachweregivenaprintedquestionpaper.我们到达的时候，每人被发给了一份印制好的试卷。提示如要表示强调，单个动词-ed形式也可作后置定语。Moneyspentismorethanmoneyearned.入不敷出。2.带有修饰语或其他成分的v-ed形式一般都作后置定语，在语法上相当于一个定语从句。Wehavereadmanynovelswrittenbythisauthor.(=thatarewrittenbythisauthor)我们读过这个作家写的许多小说。Halfofthehonoredguestsinvitedtothereceptionwereforeignambassadors.(=whohadbeeninvitedtothereception)被邀请到招待会上的贵宾有一半都是外国大使。Themeeting,attendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.(=whichwasattendedbyonethousandstudents)这次会议获得很大的成功，共有一千名学生出席了。Awomandressedlikealawyercameinandtookherseatasjudge.(=whowasdressedlikealawyer)一个律师装扮的女人走了进来，并作为法官就座。v-ing和v-ed形式作定语的区别1．及物动词的-ing形式作定语表示与被修饰名词是主动关系，及物动词的-ed形式表示与被修饰名词是被动关系。ThegroupcalledGreenHandistryingtohelptheenvironment.ThegroupcallingitselfGreenHandistryingtohelptheenvironment.2．不及物动词-ing形式表示动词正在进行，而v-ed形式表示动作已完成。therisingsun正在升起的太阳therisensun升起了的太阳boilingwater正沸腾的水boiledwater开水fallingleaves正在飘落的叶子fallenleaves落叶changingcondition变化着的情况changedcondition改变了的情况developingcountries发展中国家developedcountries发达国家不及物动词－ed形式只表示完成的意义，并不带有被动的含义。anescapedprisoner=aprisonerwhohasescaped逃犯aretiredworker=aworkerwhohasretired退休工人anewlyarrivedguest=aguestwh...
