高中英语Unit3 A healthy life文章 AIDS and HIV definition人教版选修六VIP专享VIP免费

AIDSandHIVdefinitionDEFINITION:AIDSandHIVarenotthesamething.HIV(humanimmunodeficiencyvirus)isavirusthatattacksthebody'simmunesystem,whichprotectsyourbodyfromdisease.SomeoneissaidtohaveAIDSiftheirimmunesystemsarebadlydamagedbytheHIVvirus,oriftheydevelopseriousinfectionsconnectedwithHIV.Generally,peopledon'tdiefromAIDSitself,butfromtheotherdiseasesthatAIDSleavesyoususceptibleto.HISTORY:ThetermAIDS("acquiredimmunedeficiencysyndrome")wasfirstusedinJulyof1982.ThoughAIDS-relateddeathsoccurredbefore1982,itwasonlythenthatthemedicalcommunitybegantounderstandthedisease.PresidentRonaldReagandidnotusethewordinpublicuntilthreeyearslaterin1985.YOUWON'TGETITFROM:YoucannotgetHIVorAIDSfromcasualcontact.Casualkissing,hugging,sharingtoiletseatsorwaterfountainswillnotcauseyoutogetHIV.Sincetheviruscan'tliveoutsidethebody,there'snowaytocontractthediseasethroughsneezingorcoughingorinsectbites.ScientistsbelievethatHIVisnotcarriedinsaliva.HOWYOUCANGETIT:AIDSisspreadonlythroughblood,semen,vaginalfluidsandbreastmilk.YoucancontractAIDSthroughbothanalandvaginalsexualintercourse,andbysharingneedlesfordrugsorpiercings.MotherscanpassAIDSonto用心爱心专心theirchildren,andthereissomechanceyoucouldgetthediseasethroughoralsex.Youcan'tgetHIVthroughtheskinunlessthereisafreshcutintheskin.SAFERSEX:Ifyouchoosetohavesex,thebestwaytocombatAIDSistopracticesafersex.Usinglatexcondoms,glovesand/ordentaldamscanreducethespreadofAIDS.However,sincecondomsbreak,abstinenceistheonlysure-firewaytoavoidcontractingthedisease.YOUNGPEOPLEWITHHIV:In2004,therewereabout2.2millionyoungpeopleundertheageof15livingwithHIV.YoungwomenarefarmorelikelytocontractAIDSthanyoungmen.Sixty-twopercentofyoungpeoplewithAIDSaregirls.WOMENWITHHIV:MoreandmorewomenaregettingAIDS.In1992,only14%ofadultsandchildrenlivingwithAIDSwerewomen.By2003,womenaccountedfor22%ofallpeoplelivingwithAIDS.Womenare12%lesslikelythanmentoreceiveeffectivetreatmentforAIDS.用心爱心专心