Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernheroPart2:Teachingresources第二部分：教学资源Section2:BackgroundinformationonNelsonMandelaandothersI.NelsonMandelaNelsonRolihlahlaMandela,(born18July1918),beforebecomingPresidentofSouthAfrica,wasoneofitschiefanti-apartheidactivists,andwasalsoananti-apartheidsaboteur.Heisnowalmostuniversallyconsideredtobeaheroicfreedomfighter.HespenthischildhoodintheThembuchiefdombeforeembarkingonacareerinlaw.ThenameMadibaisanhonorarytitleadoptedbyoldermalemembersofMandela'sclan;however,inSouthAfricathetitleissynonymouswithNelsonMandela.II.CourtroomquotesbyNelsonMandela“IhavefoughtagainstwhitedominationandIhavefoughtagainstblackdomination.Ihavecherishedtheidealofademocraticandfreesocietyinwhichallpersonslivetogetherinharmonyandwithequalopportunities.ItisanidealwhichIhopetoliveforandtoachieve.Butifneedsbe,itisanidealforwhichIampreparedtodie.”“WhyisitthatinthiscourtroomIamfacingawhitemagistrate,confrontedbyawhiteprosecutor,escortedbywhiteorderlies?Cananybodyhonestlyandseriouslysuggestthatinthistypeofatmospherethescalesofjusticeareevenlybalanced?WhyisitthatnoAfricaninthehistoryofthiscountryhaseverhadthehonorofbeingtriedbyhisownkind,byhisownfleshandblood?...Iamablackmaninawhiteman’scourt.Thisshouldnotbe.”(Finlayson84).“Outoftheexperienceofanextraordinaryhumandisasterthatlastedtoolong,mustbebornasocietyofwhichallhumanitywillbeproud...Wehave,atlast,achievedourpoliticalemancipation.Wepledgeourselvestoliberateallourpeoplefromthecontinuingbondageofpoverty,deprivation,suffering,gender,andotherdiscrimination.Never,never,andneveragainshallitbethatthisbeautifullandwillagainexperiencetheoppressionofonebyanother...Thesunshallneversetonsogloriousahumanachievement.”III.ANCandANCYouthLeagueTheANCisanationalliberationmovement.Itwasformedin1912tounitetheAfricanpeopleandspearheadthe用心爱心专心116号编辑struggleforfundamentalpolitical,socialandeconomicchange.ForninedecadestheANChasledthestruggleagainstracismandoppression,organisingmassstudentsresistance,mobilisingtheinternationalcommunityandtakingupthearmedstruggleagainstapartheid.MembershipoftheANCisopentoallSouthAfricansabovetheageof18years,irrespectiveofrace,colourandcreed,whoacceptitsprinciples,policiesandprogrammes.TheANCYouthLeaguewasfoundedin1944.Theleaguepropagated“Africanism”anditsmottowas“Africa’scausemusttriumph.”Itwasradicalandmilitant.Themembersofitrejectedtheideaof“foreign”leadershipandarguedthatblackAfricansmustprovidetheirownleadershipandrelyuponthemselves.用心爱心专心116号编辑
