Module3TheViolenceofNature-GrammarPeriod2Grammar—ThepastperfectpassiveandIndirectspeech■Goals●Tolearnaboutthepastperfectpassiveandindirectspeech■ProceduresStep1:LearningaboutthepastperfectpassiveActivePassiveTheyhadgivenusvisasforthreemonths.Wehadbeengivenvisasforthreemonths.Step2:Makingsentenceswiththepastperfectpassive1.Arotatingcolumnofairfromathunderstormtothegroundhadbeendiscoveredbeforethefiremanarrived.2.Themostviolenttornadohadbeenobservedthen.3.Thewallethadbeenpickedupandhandedinbeforetheownerfounditmissing.4.Bythetimethefireenginesarrivedthefirehadbeenputdown.5.Bythetimehereturnedhomethehousehadbeendestroyed.6.Themaphadbeenleftinsideexactlywhereitwaswhenwecameintotheroom.7.TheeastcoastoftheUShadbeenaffectedgreatlybeforetherescuearrived.8.Thecityhadbeenhitthreetimesbytheearthquakebeforethepeoplemovedoutofit.9.Themanhadbeenburiedforfivedayswhenhewaslocated.10.Hehadbeenkilledbeforewefoundhimintheroom.Step3:LearningaboutindirectspeechWhenusingindirectorreportedspeech,theformchanges.Usuallyindirectspeechisintroducedbytheverbsaid,asinIsaid,Billsaid,ortheysaid.DirectSpeechIndirectSpeechsimplepresentHesaid,“Igotoschooleveryday.”simplepastHesaid(that)hewenttoschooleveryday.simplepastHesaid,“Iwenttoschooleveryday.”pastperfectHesaid(that)hehadgonetoschooleveryday.presentperfectHesaid,“Ihavegonetoschooleveryday.”pastperfectHesaid(that)hehadgonetoschooleveryday.用心爱心专心presentprogressiveHesaid,“Iamgoingtoschooleveryday.”pastprogressiveHesaid(that)hewasgoingtoschooleveryday.pastprogressiveHesaid,“Iwasgoingtoschooleveryday.”perfectprogressiveHesaid(that)hehadbeengoingtoschooleveryday,future(will)Hesaid,“Iwillgotoschooleveryday.”would+verbnameHesaid(that)hewouldgotoschooleveryday.future(goingto)Hesaid,“Iamgoingtoschooleveryday.”presentprogressiveHesaid(that)heisgoingtoschooleveryday.pastprogressiveHesaid(that)hewasgoingtoschooleverydayDirectSpeechIndirectSpeechauxiliary+verbnameHesaid,“Doyougotoschooleveryday?”Hesaid,“Wheredoyougotoschool?”simplepastHeaskedmeifIwenttoschooleveryday.*HeaskedmewhereIwenttoschool.imperativeHesaid,“Gotoschooleveryday.”infinitiveHesaidtogotoschooleveryday.DirectSpeechIndirectSpeechsimplepresent+simplepresentHesays,“Igotoschooleveryday.”simplepresent+simplepresentHesays(that)hegoestoschooleveryday.presentperfect+simplepresentHehassaid,“Igotoschooleveryday.”presentperfect+simplepresentHehassaid(that)hegoestoschooleveryday.pastprogressive+simplepastHewassaying,“Iwenttoschooleveryday.”pastprogressive+simplepastHewassaying(that)hewenttoschooleveryday.pastprogressive+pastperfectHewassaying(that)hehadgonetoschooleveryday.future+simplepresentHewillsay,“Igotoschooleveryday.”future+simplepresentHewillsay(that)hegoestoschooleveryday.用心爱心专心DirectSpeechIndirectSpeechcanHesaid,“Icangotoschooleveryday.”couldHesaid(that)hecouldgotoschooleveryday.mayHesaid,“Imaygotoschooleveryday.”mightHesaid(that)hemightgotoschooleveryday.havetoHesaid,“Ihavetogotoschooleveryday.”hadtoHesaid(that)hehadtogotoschooleveryday.shouldHesaid,“Ishouldgotoschooleveryday.”shouldHesaid(that)heshouldgotoschooleveryday.oughttoHesaid,“Ioughttogotoschooleveryday.”oughttoHesaid(that)heoughttogotoschooleveryday.Step4AbsorbinformationconcerningNationalCollegeEntranceExamination高考链接动词时态题在高考单项填空题中一般占2至4分。高考时态题常考一般现...
